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GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67

HIGH

A potential Denial of Service issue in protobuf-java

Also known asCVE-2021-22569
Published
Jan 7, 2022
Updated
Feb 4, 2026
Affected
6 pkgs
Patched
6 / 6
Exploits
1 known

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.7%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk74th percentile+1.18%
0.00%0.72%1.44%2.15%0.3%1.7%Dec 25Apr 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

6 pkgs affected
com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlincom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin💎google-protobuf

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

A potential Denial of Service issue in protobuf-java was discovered in the parsing procedure for binary data.

Reporter: OSS-Fuzz

Affected versions: All versions of Java Protobufs (including Kotlin and JRuby) prior to the versions listed below. Protobuf "javalite" users (typically Android) are not affected.

Severity

CVE-2021-22569 High - CVSS Score: 7.5, An implementation weakness in how unknown fields are parsed in Java. A small (~800 KB) malicious payload can occupy the parser for several minutes by creating large numbers of short-lived objects that cause frequent, repeated GC pauses.

Proof of Concept

For reproduction details, please refer to the oss-fuzz issue that identifies the specific inputs that exercise this parsing weakness.

Remediation and Mitigation

Please update to the latest available versions of the following packages:

  • protobuf-java (3.16.1, 3.18.2, 3.19.2)
  • protobuf-kotlin (3.18.2, 3.19.2)
  • google-protobuf [JRuby gem only] (3.19.2)

Affected Packages

6 total 6 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javaall versions3.16.1
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-java3.18.0&&< 3.18.23.18.2
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-java3.19.0&&< 3.19.23.19.2
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin3.18.0&&< 3.18.23.18.2
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin3.19.0&&< 3.19.23.19.2
💎RubyGemsgoogle-protobufall versions3.19.2
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java to 3.16.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary A potential Denial of Service issue in protobuf-java was discovered in the parsing procedure for binary data. Reporter: [OSS-Fuzz](https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz) Affected versions: All versions of Java Protobufs (including Kotlin and JRuby) prior to the versions listed below. Protobuf "javalite" users (typically Android) are not affected. ## Severity [CVE-2021-22569](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-22569) **High** - CVSS Score: 7.5, An implementation weakness in how unknown fields are parsed in Java. A small (~800 KB) malicious payload can occupy t
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-wrvw-hg22-4m67 across Maven, RubyGems dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.