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CVE-2022-3171

HIGH

protobuf-java has a potential Denial of Service issue

Also known asGHSA-h4h5-3hr4-j3g2
Published
Oct 12, 2022
Updated
Apr 16, 2026
Affected
20 pkgs
Patched
20 / 20
Exploits
None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.0%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk60th percentile+0.94%
0.00%0.52%1.03%1.55%0.1%1.0%Dec 25Apr 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

20 pkgs affected
com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlincom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalitecom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin-litecom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javacom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin+12 more

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

A parsing issue with binary data in protobuf-java core and lite versions prior to 3.21.7, 3.20.3, 3.19.6 and 3.16.3 can lead to a denial of service attack. Inputs containing multiple instances of non-repeated embedded messages with repeated or unknown fields causes objects to be converted back-n-forth between mutable and immutable forms, resulting in potentially long garbage collection pauses. We recommend updating to the versions mentioned above.

Affected Packages

20 total 20 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-java3.21.0-rc-1&&< 3.21.73.21.7
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin3.21.0-rc-1&&< 3.21.73.21.7
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite3.21.0-rc-1&&< 3.21.73.21.7
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-kotlin-lite3.21.0-rc-1&&< 3.21.73.21.7
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-java3.20.0-rc-1&&< 3.20.33.20.3
Mavencom.google.protobuf:protobuf-java3.17.0-rc-1&&< 3.19.63.19.6

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java to 3.21.7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-3171 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether CVE-2022-3171 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to CVE-2022-3171. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

A parsing issue with binary data in protobuf-java core and lite versions prior to 3.21.7, 3.20.3, 3.19.6 and 3.16.3 can lead to a denial of service attack. Inputs containing multiple instances of non-repeated embedded messages with repeated or unknown fields causes objects to be converted back-n-forth between mutable and immutable forms, resulting in potentially long garbage collection pauses. We recommend updating to the versions mentioned above.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2022-3171 in your dependencies?

O3 detects CVE-2022-3171 across Maven, RubyGems dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.