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HIGH severity

GHSA-hq7p-j377-6v63 — activerecord

HIGHFix: rails/rails@d7aba06

GHSA-hq7p-j377-6v63 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.8) SQL Injection vulnerability in activerecord. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for activerecord — see the affected versions and patch details below.

SQL Injection Vulnerability via ActiveRecord comments

Also known asCVE-2023-22794
Published
Jan 18, 2023
Updated
Feb 21, 2024
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 27, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
2.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs81th percentile — riskier than 81% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-hq7p-j377-6v63 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 379,842 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected
💎activerecord💎activerecord💎activerecord

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

There is a possible vulnerability in ActiveRecord related to the sanitization of comments. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-22794.

Versions Affected: >= 6.0.0 Not affected: < 6.0.0 Fixed Versions: 6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1 Impact

Previously the implementation of escaping for comments was insufficient for

If malicious user input is passed to either the annotate query method, the optimizer_hints query method, or through the QueryLogs interface which automatically adds annotations, it may be sent to the database with insufficient sanitization and be able to inject SQL outside of the comment.

In most cases these interfaces won’t be used with user input and users should avoid doing so.

Example vulnerable code:

Post.where(id: 1).annotate("#{params[:user_input]}")

Post.where(id: 1).optimizer_hints("#{params[:user_input]}")

Example vulnerable QueryLogs configuration (the default configuration is not vulnerable):

config.active_record.query_log_tags = [
  {
    something: -> { <some value including user input> }
  }
]

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations. Workarounds

Avoid passing user input to annotate and avoid using QueryLogs configuration which can include user input. Patches

To aid users who aren’t able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

6-0-Make-sanitize_as_sql_comment-more-strict.patch - Patch for 6.0 series
6-1-Make-sanitize_as_sql_comment-more-strict.patch - Patch for 6.1 series
7-0-Make-sanitize_as_sql_comment-more-strict.patch - Patch for 7.0 series

Please note that only the 7.0.Z and 6.1.Z series are supported at present, and 6.0.Z for severe vulnerabilities. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
💎RubyGemsactiverecord≥ 6.0.0&&< 6.0.6.16.0.6.1bundle update activerecord --conservative
💎RubyGemsactiverecord≥ 6.1.0&&< 6.1.7.16.1.7.1bundle update activerecord --conservative
💎RubyGemsactiverecord≥ 7.0.0&&< 7.0.4.17.0.4.1bundle update activerecord --conservative

Affected Products

1 product · 3 configurations
Application
activerecordactiverecord_project
≥ 7.0.0 && < 7.0.4.1
range
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for activerecord, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update activerecord to 6.0.6.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-hq7p-j377-6v63 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Until you can upgrade, make sure every query built from user input uses parameterised statements or a prepared-statement API rather than string concatenation, and reduce the database account's privileges so an injected query cannot read or alter data beyond what the feature needs.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatImportant
ProductFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Satellite 6.14 for RHEL 8rubygem-activerecord-0:6.1.7.3-1.el8satRHSA-2023:6818

Frequently Asked Questions

There is a possible vulnerability in ActiveRecord related to the sanitization of comments. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-22794. Versions Affected: >= 6.0.0 Not affected: < 6.0.0 Fixed Versions: 6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1 Impact Previously the implementation of escaping for comments was insufficient for If malicious user input is passed to either the annotate query method, the optimizer_hints query method, or through the QueryLogs interface which automatically adds annotations, it may be sent to the database with insufficient sanitization and be able to inje
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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