How severe is CVE-2022-44566?

CVE-2022-44566 has a CVSS score of 7.5/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2022-44566?

CVE-2022-44566 affects the following packages: activerecord (RubyGems), activerecord (RubyGems). Ecosystems affected: RubyGems.

How do I fix CVE-2022-44566?

Update activerecord to 6.1.7.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-44566 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2022-44566 in my RubyGems dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for activerecord, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2022-44566 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Is CVE-2022-44566 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 1 known exploit references for CVE-2022-44566, including 1 in-the-wild exploitation observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2022-44566?

CVE-2022-44566 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 1.3%, placing it in the 70th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2022-44566?

CVE-2022-44566 is classified as Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was CVE-2022-44566 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2022-44566 was published on February 9, 2023 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

💎

💎 RubyGems

Not in CISA KEV

HIGH severity

CVE-2022-44566 — activerecord

HIGHFix: rails/rails@4f44aa9

CVE-2022-44566 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in activerecord. 1 public exploit or proof-of-concept reference is indexed, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for activerecord — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Denial of Service Vulnerability in ActiveRecord's PostgreSQL adapter

Also known asGHSA-579w-22j4-4749

Published

Feb 9, 2023

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

2 / 2

Exploits

1 known

Exploitation data as of Nov 3, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2022-44566.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

1.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs70th percentile — riskier than 70% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

💎activerecord💎activerecord

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

There is a potential denial of service vulnerability present in ActiveRecord's PostgreSQL adapter.

This has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2022-44566.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None.

Fixed Versions

2.3.18.47 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem)
3.2.22.34 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem)
4.2.11.27 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem)
5.2.8.15 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem)
6.1.7.1
7.0.4.1

Impact

In ActiveRecord < 7.0.4.1 and < 6.1.7.1, when a value outside the range for a 64bit signed integer is provided to the PostgreSQL connection adapter, it will treat the target column type as numeric. Comparing integer values against numeric values can result in a slow sequential scan resulting in potential Denial of Service.

Releases

The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

Ensure that user supplied input which is provided to ActiveRecord clauses do not contain integers wider than a signed 64bit representation or floats.

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the supported release series in accordance with our maintenance policy 1 regarding security issues. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

6-1-Added-integer-width-check-to-PostgreSQL-Quoting.patch - Patch for 6.1 series 7-0-Added-integer-width-check-to-PostgreSQL-Quoting.patch - Patch for 7.0 series

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
💎RubyGems	`activerecord`	all versions	6.1.7.1`bundle update activerecord --conservative`
💎RubyGems	`activerecord`	≥ 7.0.0&&< 7.0.4.1	7.0.4.1`bundle update activerecord --conservative`

Affected Products

1 product · 2 configurations

Application

activerecordactiverecord_project

≥ 7.0.0 && < 7.0.4.1

range

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

A denial of service vulnerability present in ActiveRecord's PostgreSQL a…

code.jeremyevans.netNVDFeb 2023

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for activerecord, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update activerecord to 6.1.7.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-44566 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

Product	Fixed in	Advisory
Red Hat Satellite 6.14 for RHEL 8	`rubygem-activerecord-0:6.1.7.3-1.el8sat`	RHSA-2023:6818

Frequently Asked Questions

There is a potential denial of service vulnerability present in ActiveRecord's PostgreSQL adapter. This has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2022-44566. Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None. ## Fixed Versions - 2.3.18.47 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem) - 3.2.22.34 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem) - 4.2.11.27 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem) - 5.2.8.15 (Rails LTS, which is a paid service and not part of the rubygem) - 6.1.7.1 - 7.0.4.1 ## Impact In ActiveRecord < 7.0.4.1 and < 6.1.7.