How severe is GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw?

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw has a CVSS score of 5.9/10, rated MEDIUM. Review your exposure and patch according to your risk tolerance.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw?

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw affects the following packages: keystonemiddleware (PyPI), keystonemiddleware (PyPI), python-keystoneclient (PyPI), python-keystoneclient (PyPI). Ecosystems affected: PyPI.

How do I fix GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw?

Update keystonemiddleware to 0.11.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw in my PyPI dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for keystonemiddleware, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Is GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw?

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 2.0%, placing it in the 80th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw?

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw is classified as CWE-310 (CWE-310). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw was published on May 17, 2022 and was last updated on September 27, 2024. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🐍

🐍 PyPI

Not in CISA KEV

MEDIUM severity

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw — keystonemiddleware

MEDIUM

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.9) CWE-310 vulnerability in keystonemiddleware. A fix is available for keystonemiddleware — see the affected versions and patch details below.

OpenStack keystonemiddleware does not verify certificate

Also known asCVE-2014-7144PYSEC-2014-26PYSEC-2014-71

Published

May 17, 2022

Updated

Sep 27, 2024

Affected

4 pkgs

Patched

4 / 4

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Sep 26, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

2.0%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs80th percentile — riskier than 80% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 379,842 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Real-World Exposure

4 pkgs affected

🐍keystonemiddleware🐍keystonemiddleware🐍python-keystoneclient🐍python-keystoneclient

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

OpenStack keystonemiddleware (formerly python-keystoneclient) 0.x before 0.11.0 and 1.x before 1.2.0 disables certification verification when the "insecure" option is set in a paste configuration (paste.ini) file regardless of the value, which allows remote attackers to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks via a crafted certificate.

Affected Packages

4 total 4 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🐍PyPI	`keystonemiddleware`	all versions	0.11.0`pip install --upgrade 'keystonemiddleware==0.11.0'`
🐍PyPI	`keystonemiddleware`	≥ 1.0&&< 1.2.0	1.2.0`pip install --upgrade 'keystonemiddleware==1.2.0'`
🐍PyPI	`python-keystoneclient`	all versions	0.11.0`pip install --upgrade 'python-keystoneclient==0.11.0'`
🐍PyPI	`python-keystoneclient`	≥ 1.0&&< 1.2.0	1.2.0`pip install --upgrade 'python-keystoneclient==1.2.0'`

Affected Products

2 products · 4 configurations

Application

keystonemiddlewareopenstack

3 versions

1.0.01.1.01.1.1

Application

python-keystoneclientopenstack

≤ 0.10.1

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for keystonemiddleware, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update keystonemiddleware to 0.11.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

Product	Fixed in	Advisory
OpenStack 4 for RHEL 6	`python-keystoneclient-1:0.7.1-5.el6ost`	RHSA-2015:0020
Red Hat Enterprise Linux OpenStack Platform 5.0 (Icehouse) for RHEL 6	`python-keystoneclient-1:0.9.0-5.el6ost`	RHSA-2014:1783
Red Hat Enterprise Linux OpenStack Platform 5.0 (Icehouse) for RHEL 7	`python-keystoneclient-1:0.9.0-5.el7ost`	RHSA-2014:1784

Ubuntu

USN-2705-1Ubuntu

Frequently Asked Questions

OpenStack keystonemiddleware (formerly python-keystoneclient) 0.x before 0.11.0 and 1.x before 1.2.0 disables certification verification when the "insecure" option is set in a paste configuration (`paste.ini`) file regardless of the value, which allows remote attackers to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks via a crafted certificate.

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw in your dependencies?

Find it across PyPI, including transitive dependencies.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works

CVSS Score

5.9/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

High

Availability

None

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CWE Classification

CWE-310CWE-310

Weaponization

No known public exploit tooling found.

Timeline

Disclosed

May 17, 2022

Last updated

Sep 27, 2024

Identifiers

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw

PYSEC-2014-26

PYSEC-2014-71

References

Advisorynvd.nist.gov Webbugs.launchpad.net Webgithub.com Webgithub.com Webgithub.com Webweb.archive.org Webweb.archive.org Webrhn.redhat.com Webrhn.redhat.com Webrhn.redhat.com Webopenwall.com Webubuntu.com

Related vulnerabilities

Also affects keystonemiddleware

This CVE is medium severity; 3 of 3 other CVEs affecting keystonemiddleware are rated as high or higher (top: high).

CVE-2014-7144CVE-2015-1852CVE-2015-7546

Also affects python-keystoneclient

This CVE is medium severity; 3 of 5 other CVEs affecting python-keystoneclient are rated as high or higher (top: high).

CVE-2013-2104CVE-2013-2013CVE-2014-0105CVE-2013-2030CVE-2013-2255

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedSep 27, 2024

GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw — keystonemiddleware

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

Description

Affected Packages

Affected Products

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Fix

Workarounds

Fixing This On Your OS

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GHSA-7f2c-vp52-gmfw in your dependencies?