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MEDIUM severity

GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m vyper

MEDIUMFix: vyperlang/vyper#3605

GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.3) CWE-833 vulnerability in vyper. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for vyper — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Vyper has incorrect re-entrancy lock when key is empty string

Also known asCVE-2023-42441PYSEC-2023-305
Published
Sep 18, 2023
Updated
Sep 10, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 19, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs43th percentile — riskier than 43% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 376,715 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🐍vyper

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

Locks of the type @nonreentrant("") or @nonreentrant('') do not produce reentrancy checks at runtime.

@nonreentrant("") # unprotected
@external
def bar():
    pass

@nonreentrant("lock") # protected
@external
def foo():
    pass

Patches

Patched in #3605

Workarounds

The lock name should be a non-empty string.

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more?

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPIvyper0.2.9&&< 0.3.100.3.10pip install --upgrade 'vyper==0.3.10'
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for vyper, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update vyper to 0.3.10 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Locks of the type `@nonreentrant("")` or `@nonreentrant('')` do not produce reentrancy checks at runtime. ```Vyper @nonreentrant("") # unprotected @external def bar(): pass @nonreentrant("lock") # protected @external def foo(): pass ``` ### Patches Patched in #3605 ### Workarounds The lock name should be a non-empty string. ### References _Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m across PyPI dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-3hg2-r75x-g69m: vyper (Medium 5.3) | O3 Security