How severe is CVE-2026-47141?

No CVSS score has been assigned to CVE-2026-47141 yet. Review the advisory details and affected package list to assess your exposure.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2026-47141?

CVE-2026-47141 affects the following packages: vm2 (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix CVE-2026-47141?

Update vm2 to 3.11.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-47141 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2026-47141 in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for vm2, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2026-47141 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Is CVE-2026-47141 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2026-47141 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-47141?

CVE-2026-47141 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.5%, placing it in the 41th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-47141?

CVE-2026-47141 is classified as CWE-668 (CWE-668). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was CVE-2026-47141 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2026-47141 was published on June 12, 2026 and was last updated on August 12, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

📦 npm

Not in CISA KEV

CVE-2026-47141 — vm2

Fix: patriksimek/vm2@e1c48fc

CVE-2026-47141 is a CWE-668 vulnerability in vm2. A fix is available for vm2 — see the affected versions and patch details below.

vm2: NodeVM observability builtins leak host process and HTTP request data

Also known asGHSA-9g8x-92q2-p28f

Published

Jun 12, 2026

Updated

Aug 12, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Oct 11, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-47141.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs41th percentile — riskier than 41% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

902other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream

vm2npm

1.1Mdownloads / week

Description

Summary

NodeVM exposes some process-wide observability builtins when they are allowed through require.builtin.

The following builtins are not blocked by the dangerous builtin denylist:

diagnostics_channel
async_hooks
perf_hooks

These modules are process-wide, not sandbox-local. Sandboxed code can use them to observe host application data across the vm2 boundary.

Note: It is a host data exposure issue. The impact depends on whether the host application allows these builtins and uses HTTP, async request context, diagnostics channels, or performance marks in the same process.

Details

Non-denied builtins are exposed to the sandbox through lib/builtin.js:

builtins.set(key, special ? special : vm => vm.readonly(hostRequire(key)));

diagnostics_channel, async_hooks, and perf_hooks are not denied. These modules expose host process state rather than sandbox-local state.

Confirmed examples:

diagnostics_channel lets sandboxed code subscribe to Node.js HTTP diagnostic channels such as http.server.request.start. The sandbox receives host HTTP request objects and can read headers such as Authorization or session tokens.
async_hooks.executionAsyncResource() lets sandboxed code read the current host AsyncResource. If the host stores request/user data on that resource, the sandbox can read it.
perf_hooks.performance.getEntriesByType('mark') lets sandboxed code read host performance timeline entries.

PoC

Run from the vm2 repository root:

node poc/observability-builtins-info-leak.js

observability-builtins-info-leak.js

The PoC uses only the specific builtin being tested in each section.

It confirms:

diagnostics_channel: sandbox reads host HTTP request headers
async_hooks: sandbox reads host AsyncResource data
perf_hooks: sandbox reads host performance mark names

Example impact from the PoC:

authorization: Bearer HOST_HTTP_SECRET_...
x-session-token: HOST_HTTP_SECRET_...

These values are sent to a host HTTP server, but the sandbox reads them through diagnostics_channel.

Impact

An attacker who can run untrusted JavaScript inside NodeVM with affected builtin settings can observe data from the host process.

In a real application, this may expose HTTP request headers, authorization tokens, session tokens, request context values, user identifiers, or other sensitive diagnostics data from the host application or from other users.

Suggested fix

Treat process-wide observability modules as dangerous builtins for untrusted sandboxes.

At minimum, consider blocking:

diagnostics_channel
async_hooks
perf_hooks

These modules are not sandbox-local and can expose host process state across the vm2 boundary.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`vm2`	all versions	3.11.4`npm install vm2@3.11.4`

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for vm2, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update vm2 to 3.11.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-47141 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

This vulnerability has been rated as Moderate for Red Hat Developer Hub and Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform. The vm2 sandbox exists as a transitive dependency in Red Hat Developer Hub and is only utilized during build time. The sandbox is therefore not exposed on the production code path. Exploitation of this…

Workaround published by Red Hat

Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.

Source: Red Hat security advisory for CVE-2026-47141 (CC BY 4.0)

Product	Fixed in	Advisory
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1	`ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal:1785854226`	RHSA-2026:50850
Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10	`rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1783448184`	RHSA-2026:36754
Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9	`rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1782761244`	RHSA-2026:33574

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary `NodeVM` exposes some process-wide observability builtins when they are allowed through `require.builtin`. The following builtins are not blocked by the dangerous builtin denylist: ```text diagnostics_channel async_hooks perf_hooks ``` These modules are process-wide, not sandbox-local. Sandboxed code can use them to observe host application data across the vm2 boundary. **Note**: It is a host data exposure issue. The impact depends on whether the host application allows these builtins and uses HTTP, async request context, diagnostics channels, or performance marks in the same p

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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