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📦 npm
Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

CVE-2023-37478 pnpm

HIGH

CVE-2023-37478 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) CWE-284 vulnerability in pnpm. A fix is available for pnpm — see the affected versions and patch details below.

pnpm incorrectly parses tar archives relative to specification

Also known asGHSA-5r98-f33j-g8h7
Published
Aug 1, 2023
Updated
Sep 12, 2026
Affected
17 pkgs
Patched
17 / 17
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 18, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-37478.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs67th percentile — riskier than 67% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2023-37478 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,238 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

17 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

394other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
pnpmnpm
129.1Mdownloads / week
@pnpm/exenpm
7.3Mdownloads / week
@pnpm/linux-arm64npm
507Kdownloads / week

Description

pnpm is a package manager. It is possible to construct a tarball that, when installed via npm or parsed by the registry is safe, but when installed via pnpm is malicious, due to how pnpm parses tar archives. This can result in a package that appears safe on the npm registry or when installed via npm being replaced with a compromised or malicious version when installed via pnpm. This issue has been patched in version(s) 7.33.4 and 8.6.8.

Affected Packages

17 total 17 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmpnpmall versions7.33.4npm install pnpm@7.33.4
📦npm@pnpm/exeall versions7.33.4npm install @pnpm/exe@7.33.4
📦npm@pnpm/linux-arm64all versions7.33.4npm install @pnpm/linux-arm64@7.33.4
📦npm@pnpm/linux-x64all versions7.33.4npm install @pnpm/linux-x64@7.33.4
📦npm@pnpm/linuxstatic-arm64all versions7.33.4npm install @pnpm/linuxstatic-arm64@7.33.4
📦npm@pnpm/macos-arm64all versions7.33.4npm install @pnpm/macos-arm64@7.33.4

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for pnpm, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update pnpm to 7.33.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-37478 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2023-37478 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2023-37478. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

pnpm is a package manager. It is possible to construct a tarball that, when installed via npm or parsed by the registry is safe, but when installed via pnpm is malicious, due to how pnpm parses tar archives. This can result in a package that appears safe on the npm registry or when installed via npm being replaced with a compromised or malicious version when installed via pnpm. This issue has been patched in version(s) 7.33.4 and 8.6.8.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2023-37478 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2023-37478 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2023-37478: pnpm (High 7.5) | O3 Security