CVE-2022-45143 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) CWE-116 vulnerability in org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core. A fix is available for org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Apache Tomcat: JsonErrorReportValve escaping
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2022-45143.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2022-45143 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 377,636 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-utilReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
The JsonErrorReportValve in Apache Tomcat 8.5.83, 9.0.40 to 9.0.68 and 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.1 did not escape the type, message or description values. In some circumstances these are constructed from user provided data and it was therefore possible for users to supply values that invalidated or manipulated the JSON output.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | ≥ 8.5.83&&< 8.5.84 | 8.5.84org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:8.5.84 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | ≥ 9.0.40&&< 9.0.69 | 9.0.69org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:9.0.69 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | ≥ 10.1.0&&< 10.1.2 | 10.1.2org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:10.1.2 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | ≥ 10.1.0&&< 10.1.2 | 10.1.2org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina:10.1.2 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util | ≥ 8.5.83&&< 8.5.84 | 8.5.84org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util:8.5.84 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util | ≥ 9.0.40&&< 9.0.69 | 9.0.69org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-util:9.0.69 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to 8.5.84 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-45143 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2022-45143 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2022-45143. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Fixing This On Your OS
If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.
Although it may be rated as CVSS 7.5, it's still considered a low impact flaw as according to the advisory report from Apache, user controlled data may occur in specific cases only and may alter some specific fields only. Red Hat Satellite does not include the affected Apache Tomcat, however, Tomcat is shipped with…
| Product | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Fuse 7.12 | tomcat | RHSA-2023:3954 |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5 | jws5-tomcat | RHSA-2023:1664 |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 on RHEL 7 | jws5-tomcat-0:9.0.62-13.redhat_00011.1.el7jws | RHSA-2023:1663 |
| Red Hat support for Spring Boot 2.7.13 | tomcat | RHSA-2023:4612 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2022-45143 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2022-45143 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.