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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2022-31183 — fs2-io

CRITICALFix: typelevel/fs2@6598243

CVE-2022-31183 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) CWE-295 vulnerability in co.fs2:fs2-io. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for co.fs2:fs2-io — see the affected versions and patch details below.

mTLS client verification is skipped in fs2 on Node.js

Also known asGHSA-2cpx-6pqp-wf35
Published
Aug 1, 2022
Updated
Aug 12, 2026
Affected
6 pkgs
Patched
6 / 6
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 21, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2022-31183.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.8%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs54th percentile — riskier than 54% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2022-31183 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 378,567 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

6 pkgs affected
☕co.fs2:fs2-io☕co.fs2:fs2-io_2.12☕co.fs2:fs2-io_3☕co.fs2:fs2-io_2.13☕co.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_2.13☕co.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_3

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

When establishing a server-mode TLSSocket using fs2-io on Node.js, the parameter requestCert = true is ignored, peer certificate verification is skipped, and the connection proceeds.

The vulnerability is limited to:

  1. fs2-io running on Node.js. The JVM TLS implementation is completely independent.
  2. TLSSockets in server-mode. Client-mode TLSSockets are implemented via a different API.
  3. mTLS as enabled via requestCert = true in TLSParameters. The default setting is false for server-mode TLSSockets.

It was introduced with the initial Node.js implementation of fs2-io in v3.1.0.

Patches

A patch is released in v3.2.11. The requestCert = true parameter is respected and the peer certificate is verified. If verification fails, a SSLException is raised.

Workarounds

If using an unpatched version on Node.js, do not use a server-mode TLSSocket with requestCert = true to establish a mTLS connection.

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Affected Packages

6 total 6 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io:3.2.11
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io_2.12≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io_2.12:3.2.11
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io_3≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io_3:3.2.11
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io_2.13≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io_2.13:3.2.11
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_2.13≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_2.13:3.2.11
☕Mavenco.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_3≥ 3.1.0&&< 3.2.113.2.11co.fs2:fs2-io_sjs1_3:3.2.11
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for co.fs2:fs2-io, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update co.fs2:fs2-io to 3.2.11 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2022-31183 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2022-31183 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2022-31183. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact When establishing a server-mode `TLSSocket` using `fs2-io` on Node.js, the parameter `requestCert = true` is ignored, peer certificate verification is skipped, and the connection proceeds. The vulnerability is limited to: 1. `fs2-io` running on Node.js. The JVM TLS implementation is completely independent. 2. `TLSSocket`s in server-mode. Client-mode `TLSSocket`s are implemented via a different API. 3. mTLS as enabled via `requestCert = true` in `TLSParameters`. The default setting is `false` for server-mode `TLSSocket`s. It was introduced with the initial Node.js implementation o
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2022-31183 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2022-31183 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2022-31183: fs2-io (Critical 9.1) | O3 Security