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CRITICAL severity

safe-eval vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval functionGHSA-hcg3-56jf-x4vh

CRITICAL

GHSA-hcg3-56jf-x4vh is a critical-severity (CVSS 10) CWE-1321 vulnerability in safe-eval. 3 public exploit or proof-of-concept references are indexed, so weaponization risk is real. The records list no fixed version yet; check the vendor advisory below and apply the mitigations in the meantime.

Also known asCVE-2023-26121
Published
Updated
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
See advisory
Exploits
3 known
Exploitation data as of Nov 5, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-hcg3-56jf-x4vh.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.1%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs66th percentile — riskier than 66% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.54%1.07%1.61%0.3%1.1%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

224other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
safe-evalnpm
33Kdownloads / week

Description

All versions of the package safe-eval are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval function, due to improper sanitization of its parameter content.

Affected Packages

1 total
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmsafe-evalall versionsNo fix

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations
Application
safe-evalsafe-eval_project
≤ 0.4.1
range
Exploits & PoCs
3

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for safe-eval, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Remediation status

    The records we use list no patched version of safe-eval for GHSA-hcg3-56jf-x4vh. Check the maintainer's advisory, and where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range.

  3. Mitigate without a patch

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Frequently Asked Questions

All versions of the package safe-eval are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval function, due to improper sanitization of its parameter content.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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safe-eval vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the…