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GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5

MEDIUM

GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.4) Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionview. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

XSS in Action View

Also known asCVE-2020-15169
Published
Sep 11, 2020
Updated
Mar 13, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed

Blast Radius

2 pkgs affected
💎actionview💎actionview

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

There is a potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View's translation helpers. Views that allow the user to control the default (not found) value of the t and translate helpers could be susceptible to XSS attacks.

Impact

When an HTML-unsafe string is passed as the default for a missing translation key named html or ending in _html, the default string is incorrectly marked as HTML-safe and not escaped. Vulnerable code may look like the following examples:

<%# The welcome_html translation is not defined for the current locale: %>
<%= t("welcome_html", default: untrusted_user_controlled_string) %>

<%# Neither the title.html translation nor the missing.html translation is defined for the current locale: %>
<%= t("title.html", default: [:"missing.html", untrusted_user_controlled_string]) %>

Patches

Patched Rails versions, 6.0.3.3 and 5.2.4.4, are available from the normal locations.

The patches have also been applied to the master, 6-0-stable, and 5-2-stable branches on GitHub. If you track any of these branches, you should update to the latest.

To aid users who aren’t able to upgrade immediately, we’ve provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

Please note that only the 5.2 and 6.0 release series are currently supported. Users of earlier, unsupported releases are advised to update as soon as possible, as we cannot provide security fixes for unsupported releases.

Workarounds

Impacted users who can’t upgrade to a patched Rails version can avoid this issue by manually escaping default translations with the html_escape helper (aliased as h):

<%= t("welcome_html", default: h(untrusted_user_controlled_string)) %>

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
💎RubyGemsactionviewall versions5.2.4.4
💎RubyGemsactionview6.0.0.0&&< 6.0.3.36.0.3.3

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for actionview. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update actionview to 5.2.4.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

There is a potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action View's translation helpers. Views that allow the user to control the default (not found) value of the `t` and `translate` helpers could be susceptible to XSS attacks. ### Impact When an HTML-unsafe string is passed as the default for a missing translation key [named `html` or ending in `_html`](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html#using-safe-html-translations), the default string is incorrectly marked as HTML-safe and not escaped. Vulnerable code may look like the following examples: ```erb <%# The welcome_html tran
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5 across RubyGems dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.