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🐍 PyPI

GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3

CRITICAL

Improper Access Control in jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator

Also known asCVE-2021-41194PYSEC-2021-384
Published
Oct 28, 2021
Updated
Mar 13, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk67th percentile+0.97%
0.00%0.61%1.22%1.82%0.4%1.3%Dec 25Apr 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected
🐍jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

When JupyterHub is used with FirstUseAuthenticator, the vulnerability allows unauthorized access to any user's account if create_users=True and the username is known or guessed.

Patches

Upgrade to jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator to 1.0, or apply patch https://github.com/jupyterhub/firstuseauthenticator/pull/38.patch

Workarounds

If you cannot upgrade, there is no complete workaround, but it can be mitigated.

If you cannot upgrade yet, you can disable user creation with c.FirstUseAuthenticator.create_users = False, which will only allow login with fully normalized usernames for already existing users prior to jupyterhub-firstuserauthenticator 1.0. If any users have never logged in with their normalized username (i.e. lowercase), they will still be vulnerable until you can patch or upgrade.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPIjupyterhub-firstuseauthenticatorall versions1.0.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator to 1.0.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact When JupyterHub is used with FirstUseAuthenticator, the vulnerability allows unauthorized access to any user's account if `create_users=True` and the username is known or guessed. ### Patches Upgrade to jupyterhub-firstuseauthenticator to 1.0, or apply patch https://github.com/jupyterhub/firstuseauthenticator/pull/38.patch ### Workarounds If you cannot upgrade, there is no complete workaround, but it can be mitigated. If you cannot upgrade yet, you can disable user creation with `c.FirstUseAuthenticator.create_users = False`, which will only allow login with fully normalized u
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-5xvc-vgmp-jgc3 across PyPI dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.