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HIGH severity

CVE-2025-46701 — tomcat-catalina

HIGHFix: apache/tomcat@0f01966

CVE-2025-46701 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.3) CWE-178 vulnerability in org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina. A fix is available for org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Apache Tomcat: Security constraint bypass for CGI scripts

Also known asBIT-tomcat-2025-46701GHSA-h2fw-rfh5-95r3
Published
Updated
Affected
8 pkgs
Patched
6 / 8
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 3, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-46701.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
3.1%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs88th percentile — riskier than 88% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%1.35%2.70%4.05%0.1%3.1%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

8 pkgs affected
☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core☕org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina☕org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's GCI servlet allows security constraint bypass of security constraints that apply to the pathInfo component of a URI mapped to the CGI servlet.

This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.6, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.40, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.104. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.7, 10.1.41 or 9.0.105, which fixes the issue.

Affected Packages

8 total 6 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina≥ 9.0.0.M1&&< 9.0.1059.0.105org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina:9.0.105
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina≥ 10.1.0-M1&&< 10.1.4110.1.41org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina:10.1.41
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina≥ 11.0.0-M1&&< 11.0.711.0.7org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina:11.0.7
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core≥ 9.0.0.M1&&< 9.0.1059.0.105org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:9.0.105
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core≥ 10.1.0-M1&&< 10.1.4110.1.41org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:10.1.41
☕Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core≥ 11.0.0-M1&&< 11.0.711.0.7org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:11.0.7

Affected Products

1 product · 3 configurations
Application
tomcatapache
≥ 11.0.0 && < 11.0.7
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina to 9.0.105 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-46701 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

This vulnerability is rated Moderate rather than Important due to several limiting technical factors that reduce its overall impact and exploitability. Firstly, the flaw only manifests on case-insensitive file systems (e.g., Windows NTFS or macOS HFS+), which are less common in production-grade Tomcat deployments,…

Workaround published by Red Hat
Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.
Source: Red Hat security advisory for CVE-2025-46701 (CC BY 4.0)
ProductFixed inAdvisory
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10tomcat9-1:9.0.110-2.el10_2RHSA-2026:18536
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10tomcat-1:10.1.49-1.el10RHSA-2026:18537
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Supporttomcat9-1:9.0.120-1.el10_0RHSA-2026:67163
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8tomcat-1:9.0.120-1.el8_10RHSA-2026:68677
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Servicetomcat-1:9.0.120-1.el8_8RHSA-2026:68680
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9tomcat-1:9.0.110-2.el9_8RHSA-2026:18916
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutionstomcat-1:9.0.120-1.el9_2RHSA-2026:68678
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutionstomcat-1:9.0.120-1.el9_4RHSA-2026:68679

Frequently Asked Questions

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's GCI servlet allows security constraint bypass of security constraints that apply to the pathInfo component of a URI mapped to the CGI servlet. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.6, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.40, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.104. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.7, 10.1.41 or 9.0.105, which fixes the
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2025-46701: tomcat-catalina — Fixed in 9.0.105