CVE-2025-23184 — cxf-core
MEDIUMCVE-2025-23184 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.9) Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in org.apache.cxf:cxf-core. A fix is available for org.apache.cxf:cxf-core — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Apache CXF: Denial of Service vulnerability with temporary files
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-23184.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2025-23184 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 376,715 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
org.apache.cxf:cxf-core☕org.apache.cxf:cxf-core☕org.apache.cxf:cxf-coreReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
A potential denial of service vulnerability is present in versions of Apache CXF before 3.5.10, 3.6.5 and 4.0.6. In some edge cases, the CachedOutputStream instances may not be closed and, if backed by temporary files, may fill up the file system (it applies to servers and clients).
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.apache.cxf:cxf-core | all versions | 3.5.10org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.5.10 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.cxf:cxf-core | ≥ 3.6.0&&< 3.6.5 | 3.6.5org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:3.6.5 |
| ☕Maven | org.apache.cxf:cxf-core | ≥ 4.0.0&&< 4.0.6 | 4.0.6org.apache.cxf:cxf-core:4.0.6 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.cxf:cxf-core, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.apache.cxf:cxf-core to 3.5.10 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-23184 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2025-23184 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2025-23184. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Fixing This On Your OS
If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.
| Product | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 | cxf-core | RHSA-2025:10931 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.1 EUS for RHEL 7 | eap7-apache-cxf-0:3.1.16-7.redhat_00007.1.ep7.el7 | RHSA-2026:33372 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.3 EUS for RHEL 7 | eap7-apache-cxf-0:3.4.10-4.SP2_redhat_00004.1.el7eap | RHSA-2026:33371 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 for RHEL 8 | eap7-activemq-artemis-0:2.16.0-21.redhat_00055.1.el8eap | RHSA-2025:10925 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 for RHEL 9 | eap7-activemq-artemis-0:2.16.0-21.redhat_00055.1.el9eap | RHSA-2025:10926 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 on RHEL 7 | eap7-activemq-artemis-0:2.16.0-21.redhat_00055.1.el7eap | RHSA-2025:10924 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0.8 | cxf-core | RHSA-2025:10459 |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 for RHEL 8 | eap8-activemq-artemis-0:2.33.0-3.redhat_00017.1.el8eap | RHSA-2025:10452 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-23184 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2025-23184 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.