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CRITICAL severity

GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg org.hl7.fhir.publisher

CRITICAL

GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) Path Traversal vulnerability in org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher — see the affected versions and patch details below.

MITM based Zip Slip in `org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher`

Published
Jan 23, 2023
Updated
Jul 8, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 21, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs65th percentile — riskier than 65% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,333 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

MITM can enable Zip-Slip.

Vulnerability

Vulnerability 1: Publisher.java

There is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory.

https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/Publisher.java#L3598-L3610

Vulnerability 2: WebSourceProvider.java

There is a check for malicious zip entries here, but it is not covered by test cases and could potentially be reverted in future changes.

https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/web/WebSourceProvider.java#L104-L112

Vulnerability 3: ZipFetcher.java

This retains the path for Zip files in FetchedFile entries, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.

https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/ZipFetcher.java#L57-L106

Vulnerability 4: IGPack2NpmConvertor.java

The loadZip method retains the path for entries in the zip file, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.

https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/IGPack2NpmConvertor.java#L442-L463

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
Mavenorg.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisherall versions1.2.30org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher:1.2.30
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher to 1.2.30 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact MITM can enable Zip-Slip. ### Vulnerability #### Vulnerability 1: `Publisher.java` There is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory. https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/Publisher.java#L3598-L3610 #### Vulnerability 2: `WebSourceProvider.java` There is a check for malicious zip entries here, but it is not covered by test cases and could potentially be reverted
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg: org.hl7.fhir (Critical 9.1) | O3 Security