GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w is a high-severity (CVSS 7.5) CWE-1333 vulnerability in path-to-regexp. A fix is available for path-to-regexp — see the affected versions and patch details below.
path-to-regexp contains a ReDoS
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 378,567 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.
path-to-regexpnpmDescription
Impact
The regular expression that is vulnerable to backtracking can be generated in versions before 0.1.12 of path-to-regexp, originally reported in CVE-2024-45296
Patches
Upgrade to 0.1.12.
Workarounds
Avoid using two parameters within a single path segment, when the separator is not . (e.g. no /:a-:b). Alternatively, you can define the regex used for both parameters and ensure they do not overlap to allow backtracking.
References
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 📦npm | path-to-regexp | all versions | 0.1.12npm install path-to-regexp@0.1.12 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for path-to-regexp, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update path-to-regexp to 0.1.12 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Fixing This On Your OS
If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.
This vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-45296.
| Product | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|
| Discovery 1 for RHEL 9 | discovery/discovery-server-rhel9:1.12.0-1 | RHSA-2025:1249 |
| HawtIO HawtIO 4.2.0 | io.hawt-project | RHSA-2025:8761 |
| Red Hat Developer Hub 1.3 on RHEL 9 | rhdh-hub-container-1.3-138 | RHBA-2025:0610 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 | openshift4/nmstate-console-plugin-rhel9:v4.17.0-202501301204.p0.gcffdc60.assembly.stream.el9 | RHSA-2025:0875 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 | openshift4/ose-networking-console-plugin-rhel9:v4.17.0-202501241234.p0.g2c4e34f.assembly.stream.el9 | RHSA-2025:0876 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 | openshift4/ingress-node-firewall-rhel9:v4.18.0-202501230001.p0.g1e43b4c.assembly.stream.el9 | RHSA-2024:6121 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 | openshift4/aws-kms-encryption-provider-rhel9:v4.18.0-202501230001.p0.g088dcaf.assembly.stream.el9 | RHSA-2024:6122 |
| Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2.5 for RHEL 8 | openshift-service-mesh/kiali-ossmc-rhel8:1.73.17-2 | RHSA-2025:1051 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds GHSA-rhx6-c78j-4q9w across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.