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MEDIUM severity

GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c

MEDIUM

GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.4) CWE-347 vulnerability in @sigstore/core. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

@sigstore/core has DSSE payloadType type-binding failure

Also known asCVE-2026-48758
Published
Jun 26, 2026
Updated
Jul 1, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 8, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs18th percentile — riskier than 18% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.25%0.51%0.76%0.2%0.3%0.3%Aug 26Sep 26Sep 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 0 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

6other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
@sigstore/corenpm
8.9Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

The preAuthEncoding function in @sigstore/core uses Node.js 'ascii' encoding when converting the PAE (Pre-Authentication Encoding) string to bytes. This allows payloadType to be mutated after signing without invalidating the signature, breaking the type-binding guarantee that DSSE is designed to provide.

In packages/core/src/dsse.ts, the PAE function builds a string containing payloadType and then encodes it with Buffer.from(prefix, 'ascii').

In Node.js, 'ascii' encoding for string-to-Buffer is equivalent to 'latin1', which truncates characters above U+00FF to their low byte. This means for any ASCII character, there exist Unicode characters (at U+01xx, U+02xx, etc.) that produce the identical encoded byte:

OriginalCodepointMutantCodepointEncoded byte
tU+0074ŴU+01740x74
eU+0065ťU+01650x65

An attacker can substitute every character in payloadType with a Unicode variant whose low byte matches, producing identical PAE bytes and a passing signature verification.

Additionally, payloadType.length returns the JavaScript string length (UTF-16 code units) rather than the UTF-8 byte length required by the DSSE spec, though this is only a contributing factor for non-ASCII types.

Reproduction

const { preAuthEncoding } = require('@sigstore/core/dist/dsse.js');
const payload = Buffer.from('hello world');

const original = preAuthEncoding('text/plain', payload);
// U+01xx chars whose low bytes match the original ASCII chars
const mutant = preAuthEncoding('\u0174\u0165\u0178\u0174/\u0170\u016c\u0161\u0169\u016e', payload);

console.log('PAE bytes equal:', original.equals(mutant)); // true — should be false

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npm@sigstore/coreall versions3.2.1

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for @sigstore/core. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update @sigstore/core to 3.2.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact The `preAuthEncoding` function in `@sigstore/core` uses Node.js `'ascii'` encoding when converting the PAE (Pre-Authentication Encoding) string to bytes. This allows `payloadType` to be mutated after signing without invalidating the signature, breaking the type-binding guarantee that DSSE is designed to provide. In `packages/core/src/dsse.ts`, the PAE function builds a string containing `payloadType` and then encodes it with `Buffer.from(prefix, 'ascii')`. In Node.js, `'ascii'` encoding for string-to-Buffer is equivalent to `'latin1'`, which **truncates characters above U+00FF to
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

GHSA-jfc7-64v2-mr8c: @sigstore/core has… | O3 Security