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OpenVM allows the byte decomposition of pc in AUIPC chip to overflowGHSA-jf2r-x3j4-23m7

Fix: openvm-org/openvm@68da4b5

GHSA-jf2r-x3j4-23m7 is a CWE-131 vulnerability in openvm. A fix is available for openvm — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asCVE-2025-46723
Published
Updated
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 7, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-jf2r-x3j4-23m7.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk+0.01%
Lower risk than most CVEs42th percentile — riskier than 42% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.36%0.72%1.08%0.6%0.5%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
🦀openvm

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects crates.io packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

The fix to https://cantina.xyz/code/c486d600-bed0-4fc6-aed1-de759fd29fa2/findings/21 has a typo that still results in the highest limb of pc being range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits.

In the AIR, we do https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/0f94c8a3dfa7536c1231465d1bdee5fc607a5993/extensions/rv32im/circuit/src/auipc/core.rs#L135

        for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().skip(1).enumerate() {
            if i == pc_limbs.len() - 1 {

It should be

        for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {

Right now the if statement is never triggered because the enumeration gives i=0,1,2 when we instead want i=1,2,3. What this means is that pc_limbs[3] is range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits.

This leads to a vulnerability where the pc_limbs decomposition differs from the true pc, which means a malicious prover can make the destination register take a different value than the AUIPC instruction dictates, by making the decomposition overflow the BabyBear field.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🦀crates.ioopenvm≥ 1.0.0&&< 1.1.01.1.0cargo update -p openvm --precise 1.1.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openvm, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update openvm to 1.1.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-jf2r-x3j4-23m7 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Constrain what reaches the vulnerable code: limit the size and shape of untrusted input, isolate the affected component in a sandboxed or least-privileged process, and enable the platform's memory-safety mitigations (ASLR, stack protector, hardened allocator) so an out-of-bounds access is more likely to fail closed than to be exploitable.

Frequently Asked Questions

The fix to https://cantina.xyz/code/c486d600-bed0-4fc6-aed1-de759fd29fa2/findings/21 has a typo that still results in the highest limb of `pc` being range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits. In the AIR, we do https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/0f94c8a3dfa7536c1231465d1bdee5fc607a5993/extensions/rv32im/circuit/src/auipc/core.rs#L135 ``` for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().skip(1).enumerate() { if i == pc_limbs.len() - 1 { ``` It should be ``` for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().enumerate().skip(1) { ``` Right now the if statement is never triggered because the e
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OpenVM allows the byte decomposition of pc in AUIPC…