CVE-2025-46723 — openvm
Fix: openvm-org/openvm@68da4b5CVE-2025-46723 is a CWE-131 vulnerability in openvm. A fix is available for openvm — see the affected versions and patch details below.
OpenVM byte decomposition of pc in AUIPC chip can overflow
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-46723.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Real-World Exposure
openvmReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects crates.io packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
The fix to https://cantina.xyz/code/c486d600-bed0-4fc6-aed1-de759fd29fa2/findings/21 has a typo that still results in the highest limb of pc being range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits.
In the AIR, we do https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/0f94c8a3dfa7536c1231465d1bdee5fc607a5993/extensions/rv32im/circuit/src/auipc/core.rs#L135
for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().skip(1).enumerate() {
if i == pc_limbs.len() - 1 {
It should be
for (i, limb) in pc_limbs.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
Right now the if statement is never triggered because the enumeration gives i=0,1,2 when we instead want i=1,2,3. What this means is that pc_limbs[3] is range checked to 8-bits instead of 6-bits.
This leads to a vulnerability where the pc_limbs decomposition differs from the true pc, which means a malicious prover can make the destination register take a different value than the AUIPC instruction dictates, by making the decomposition overflow the BabyBear field.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🦀crates.io | openvm | ≥ 1.0.0&&< 1.1.0 | 1.1.0cargo update -p openvm --precise 1.1.0 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for openvm, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update openvm to 1.1.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-46723 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2025-46723 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2025-46723. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-46723 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2025-46723 across crates.io dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.