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GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr

Fix: mermaid-js/mermaid@37ff937

GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr is a Code Injection vulnerability in mermaid. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Mermaid: Improper sanitization of `classDef` in state diagrams leads to HTML injection

Also known asCVE-2026-41149
Published
May 11, 2026
Updated
Jun 8, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Aug 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

  • CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.4%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs33th percentile — riskier than 33% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.30%0.60%0.90%0.1%0.4%0.4%0.4%Jun 26Aug 26Aug 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

2Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
mermaidnpm
13.6Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

Under the default configuration, Mermaid state diagram's classDef allow DOM injection that escapes the SVG, although <script> tags are removed, preventing XSS.

Proof-of-concept

stateDiagram-v2
  classDef xss fill:red</style></svg><style>*{x:x;y:y;overflow:visible!important;contain:none!important;transform:none!important;filter:none!important;clip-path:none!important}</style><div style="x:x;y:y;color:red;font:5em/1 monospace;display:grid;place-items:center;z-index:2147483647;width:100vw;height:100vh;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;background:black">HACKED</div><svg><style>a:b
  [*] --> A:::xss

Patches

Workarounds

If you can not update to a patched version, setting "securityLevel": "sandbox" will prevent this, by rendering the mermaid diagram in a sandboxed <iframe>.

Credits

Thanks to @zsxsoft from @KeenSecurityLab for reporting this vulnerability.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmmermaid11.0.0-alpha.1&&< 11.15.011.15.0
📦npmmermaidall versions10.9.6

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for mermaid. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update mermaid to 11.15.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact Under the default configuration, Mermaid state diagram's `classDef` allow DOM injection that escapes the SVG, although `<script>` tags are removed, preventing XSS. #### Proof-of-concept ``` stateDiagram-v2 classDef xss fill:red</style></svg><style>*{x:x;y:y;overflow:visible!important;contain:none!important;transform:none!important;filter:none!important;clip-path:none!important}</style><div style="x:x;y:y;color:red;font:5em/1 monospace;display:grid;place-items:center;z-index:2147483647;width:100vw;height:100vh;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;background:black">HACKED</div><svg><style
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr: mermaid Cross-Site… | O3 Security