GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.4) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in actionpack. A fix is available for actionpack — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Missing security headers in Action Pack on non-HTML responses
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
actionpack💎actionpack💎actionpack💎actionpackReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Permissions-Policy is Only Served on HTML Content-Type
The application configurable Permissions-Policy is only served on responses with an HTML related Content-Type.
This has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2024-28103.
Versions Affected: >= 6.1.0 Not affected: < 6.1.0 Fixed Versions: 6.1.7.8, 7.0.8.4, and 7.1.3.4
Impact
Responses with a non-HTML Content-Type are not serving the configured Permissions-Policy. There are certain non-HTML Content-Types that would benefit from having the Permissions-Policy enforced.
Releases
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.
Workarounds
N/A
Patches
To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the supported release series in accordance with our maintenance policy regarding security issues. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.
- 6-1-include-permissions-policy-header-on-non-html.patch - Patch for 6.1 series
- 7-0-include-permissions-policy-header-on-non-html.patch - Patch for 7.0 series
- 7-1-include-permissions-policy-header-on-non-html.patch - Patch for 7.1 series
Credits
Thank you shinkbr for reporting this!
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 💎RubyGems | actionpack | ≥ 6.1.0&&< 6.1.7.8 | 6.1.7.8bundle update actionpack --conservative |
| 💎RubyGems | actionpack | ≥ 7.0.0&&< 7.0.8.4 | 7.0.8.4bundle update actionpack --conservative |
| 💎RubyGems | actionpack | ≥ 7.1.0&&< 7.1.3.4 | 7.1.3.4bundle update actionpack --conservative |
| 💎RubyGems | actionpack | ≥ 7.2.0.beta1&&< 7.2.0.beta2 | 7.2.0.beta2bundle update actionpack --conservative |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for actionpack, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update actionpack to 6.1.7.8 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 across RubyGems dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.