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GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4

Craft CMS has Twig Function Blocklist Bypass

Also known asCVE-2026-28783
Published
Mar 3, 2026
Updated
Mar 4, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk37th percentile+0.43%
0.00%0.32%0.64%0.96%0.1%0.0%0.0%0.5%Apr 26Jun 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

2 pkgs affected
🐘craftcms/cms🐘craftcms/cms

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Packagist packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.

In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.

Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.

Twig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.

https://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096

This has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the enableTwigSandbox config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.

Existing projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to mitigate the issue and enable the config setting.

Resources

https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐘Packagistcraftcms/cms5.0.0-RC1&&< 5.9.0-beta.15.9.0-beta.1
🐘Packagistcraftcms/cms4.0.0-RC1&&< 4.17.0-beta.14.17.0-beta.1

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for craftcms/cms. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update craftcms/cms to 5.9.0-beta.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. Twig has already deprecated thi
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4 across Packagist dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4: Craft CMS has Twig Function Blocklist Bypa… | O3 Security