GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x
HIGHUndefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
tensorflow🐍tensorflow🐍tensorflow🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-gpu🐍tensorflow-gpu+1 moreReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Impact
The code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr:
import tensorflow as tf
tf.raw_ops.SparseMatMul(
a=[[1.0,1.0,1.0]],
b=[[],[],[]],
transpose_a=False,
transpose_b=False,
a_is_sparse=False,
b_is_sparse=True)
This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit e6cf28c72ba2eb949ca950d834dd6d66bb01cfae.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow | ≥ 2.6.0&&< 2.6.1 | 2.6.1 |
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow | ≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.5.2 | 2.5.2 |
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow | all versions | 2.4.4 |
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow-cpu | ≥ 2.6.0&&< 2.6.1 | 2.6.1 |
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow-cpu | ≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.5.2 | 2.5.2 |
| 🐍PyPI | tensorflow-cpu | all versions | 2.4.4 |
Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for tensorflow. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update tensorflow to 2.6.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x in your dependencies?
O3 detects GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x across PyPI dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.