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GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm

Vyper's `slice()` may elide side-effects when output length is 0

Also known asCVE-2025-47774
Published
May 16, 2025
Updated
May 16, 2025
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
None yet
Exploits
None indexed

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.4%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk30th percentile+0.16%
0.00%0.29%0.59%0.88%0.0%0.4%Dec 25Apr 26Jun 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected
🐍vyper

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

the slice() builtin can elide side effects when the output length is 0, and the source bytestring is a builtin (msg.data or <address>.code). the reason is that for these source locations, the check that length >= 1 is skipped: https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/blob/68b68c4b30c5ef2f312b4674676170b8a6eaa316/vyper/builtins/functions.py#L315-L319

the result is that a 0-length bytestring constructed with slice can be passed to make_byte_array_copier, which elides evaluation of its source argument when the max length is 0: https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/blob/68b68c4b30c5ef2f312b4674676170b8a6eaa316/vyper/codegen/core.py#L189-L191

the impact is that side effects in the start argument may be elided when the length argument is 0, e.g. slice(msg.data, self.do_side_effect(), 0).

the following example illustrates how the issue would look in user code

counter: public(uint256)

@external
def test() -> Bytes[10]:
    b: Bytes[10] = slice(msg.data, self.side_effect(), 0)
    return b

def side_effect() -> uint256:
    self.counter += 1
    return 0

the severity assigned is low, since this is not a very useful pattern and unlikely to be found in user code.

Patches

the fix is tracked in https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4645, which disallows any invocation of slice() with length 0, including for the ad hoc locations discussed in this advisory.

Workarounds

Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more?

Affected Packages

1 total
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPIvyperall versionsNo fix

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for vyper. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Remediation status

    No patched version of vyper has shipped for GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.

  3. Mitigate without a patch

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact the `slice()` builtin can elide side effects when the output length is 0, and the source bytestring is a builtin (`msg.data` or `<address>.code`). the reason is that for these source locations, the check that `length >= 1` is skipped: https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/blob/68b68c4b30c5ef2f312b4674676170b8a6eaa316/vyper/builtins/functions.py#L315-L319 the result is that a 0-length bytestring constructed with slice can be passed to `make_byte_array_copier`, which elides evaluation of its source argument when the max length is 0: https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/blob/68b68c4b30c5ef
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-3vcg-j39x-cwfm across PyPI dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.