How severe is GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v has a CVSS score of 7.5/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v affects the following packages: web3-utils (npm). Ecosystems affected: npm.

How do I fix GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

Update web3-utils to 4.2.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v in my npm dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for web3-utils. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

How do I mitigate GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

How does O3 Security protect against GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Is GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.7%, placing it in the 49th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v?

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v is classified as CWE-1321 (CWE-1321). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v was published on March 27, 2024 and was last updated on March 27, 2024. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v: web3-utils Prototype Pollution vulnerabili…

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.7%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk49th percentile+0.57%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Blast Radius

1 pkg affected

Weekly download volume for affected packages — a proxy for how broadly this vulnerability is deployed.

web3-utilsnpm

1.6Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact:

The mergeDeep() function in the web3-utils package has been identified for Prototype Pollution vulnerability. An attacker has the ability to modify an object's prototype, which could result in changing the behavior of all objects that inherit from the impacted prototype by providing carefully crafted input to function.

Patches:

It has been fixed in web3-utils version 4.2.1 so all packages and apps depending on web3-utils >=4.0.1 and <=4.2.0 should upgrade to web3-utils 4.2.1.

Workarounds:

None

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
📦npm	`web3-utils`	≥ 4.0.1&&< 4.2.1	4.2.1

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for web3-utils. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update web3-utils to 4.2.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact: The mergeDeep() function in the web3-utils package has been identified for Prototype Pollution vulnerability. An attacker has the ability to modify an object's prototype, which could result in changing the behavior of all objects that inherit from the impacted prototype by providing carefully crafted input to function. ### Patches: It has been fixed in web3-utils version 4.2.1 so all packages and apps depending on web3-utils >=4.0.1 and <=4.2.0 should upgrade to web3-utils 4.2.1. ### Workarounds: None

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

Scan my dependencies How O3 SCA works

GHSA-2g4c-8fpm-c46v