How severe is GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6?

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 has a CVSS score of 9.9/10, rated CRITICAL. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6?

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 affects the following packages: github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws (Go), github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-gcp (Go), github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-azure (Go), github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-openstack (Go). Ecosystems affected: Go.

How do I fix GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6?

Update github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws to 1.64.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 in my Go dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Is GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6?

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.5%, placing it in the 43th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6?

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 is classified as Code Injection (CWE-94). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 published, and has it been updated?

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 was published on September 25, 2025 and was last updated on October 23, 2025. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

🐹

🐹 Go

Not in CISA KEV

CRITICAL severity

Gardener provider extensions vulnerable to code injection when Terraform is used for infrastructure provisioningGHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6

CRITICALFix: gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws@cb5045f

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.9) Code Injection vulnerability in github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws. A fix is available for github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Also known asCVE-2025-59823GO-2025-3981

Published

Sep 25, 2025

Updated

Oct 23, 2025

Affected

4 pkgs

Patched

4 / 4

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs43th percentile — riskier than 43% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

4 pkgs affected

🐹github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws🐹github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-gcp🐹github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-azure🐹github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-openstack

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Go packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

A security vulnerability was discovered in Gardener when Terraformer is used for infrastructure provisioning. This vulnerability could allow a user with administrative privileges for a Gardener project to obtain control over the seed cluster where the shoot cluster is managed.

This CVE affects all Gardener installations where Terraformer is used/can be enabled for infrastructure provisioning with any of the affected components mentioned below.

Affected Components

• gardener-extension-provider-gcp • gardener-extension-provider-azure • gardener-extension-provider-openstack • gardener-extension-provider-aws

Affected Versions

• gardener-extension-provider-gcp < v1.46.0 • gardener-extension-provider-azure < v1.55.0 • gardener-extension-provider-openstack < v1.49.0 • gardener-extension-provider-aws < v1.64.0

Fixed versions

• gardener-extension-provider-gcp >= v1.46.0 • gardener-extension-provider-azure >= v1.55.0 • gardener-extension-provider-openstack >= v1.49.0 • gardener-extension-provider-aws >= v1.64.0

How do I mitigate this vulnerability?

Update to a fixed version.

Affected Packages

4 total 4 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
🐹Go	`github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws`	all versions	1.64.0`go get github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws@v1.64.0`
🐹Go	`github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-gcp`	all versions	1.46.0`go get github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-gcp@v1.46.0`
🐹Go	`github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-azure`	all versions	1.55.0`go get github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-azure@v1.55.0`
🐹Go	`github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-openstack`	all versions	1.49.0`go get github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-openstack@v1.49.0`

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update github.com/gardener/gardener-extension-provider-aws to 1.64.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact A security vulnerability was discovered in Gardener when [Terraformer](https://github.com/gardener/terraformer) is used for infrastructure provisioning. This vulnerability could allow a user with administrative privileges for a Gardener project to obtain control over the seed cluster where the shoot cluster is managed. This CVE affects all Gardener installations where [Terraformer](https://github.com/gardener/terraformer) is used/can be enabled for infrastructure provisioning with any of the affected components mentioned below. ### Affected Components • gardener-extension-provide

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVSS Score

9.9/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE Classification

CWE-94Code Injection

Weaponization

No Nuclei template, Metasploit module or public proof-of-concept found.

OpenSSF Scorecard

Package health score

gardener-extension-provider-aws

5.4/10

Code-Review8/10

Maintained10/10

Branch-Protection3/10

Assessed Nov 2, 2026

Timeline

Disclosed

Sep 25, 2025

Last updated

Oct 23, 2025

Identifiers

GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6

GO-2025-3981

References

Advisorynvd.nist.gov · CVE 2025 59823 Webgithub.com · GHSA 227x 7mh8 3cf6 Webgithub.com · cb5045fc146248296994804bbfe27bd896938bf2 Webgithub.com · 4573a4404969f89781ed6cf72e90554bc6ae2020 Webgithub.com · 51111b4f60c33c60dfdf18b1fc50f7ec8d8f70ac Webgithub.com · 2ed6f0fe1be90fbef5d6093eb0b8325c8421b8d8 Webgithub.com · v1.64.0 Webgithub.com · v1.55.0 Webgithub.com · v1.46.0 Webgithub.com · v1.49.0 Webpkg.go.dev · GO 2025 3981 Packagegithub.com · gardener extension provider aws

Related vulnerabilities

This CVE is critical severity; 5 of 8 other CVEs with CWE-94 are rated as high or higher (top: critical).

CVE-2026-63469CVE-2026-63470CVE-2026-63471CVE-2026-62284CVE-2026-61536CVE-2026-44267CVE-2026-44266CVE-2026-115878Browse all CWE-94

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedOct 23, 2025

Gardener provider extensions vulnerable to code injection when Terraform is used for infrastructure provisioningGHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

Description

Impact

Affected Components

Affected Versions

Fixed versions

How do I mitigate this vulnerability?

Affected Packages

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Fix

Workarounds

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GHSA-227x-7mh8-3cf6 in your dependencies?