CVE-2026-48025 — nebula-mesh
Fix: forgekeep/nebula-mesh@bca1d59CVE-2026-48025 is a CWE-244 vulnerability in github.com/juev/nebula-mesh. A fix is available for github.com/juev/nebula-mesh — see the affected versions and patch details below.
nebula-mesh: Decrypted CA private key persists in heap after signing
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-48025.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.
Real-World Exposure
github.com/juev/nebula-mesh🐹github.com/forgekeep/nebula-meshReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Go packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
internal/pki/resolver.go:36-64 constructs a CAManager with the plaintext ed25519.PrivateKey after unwrapping via the master key; internal/pki/ca.go:13-16 stores it. Callers at internal/api/enroll.go:116, internal/api/updates.go:297, and internal/api/mobile_bundle.go:40 use the manager for one Sign() and drop the reference on function return — but the underlying slice contents are not wiped before release.
The keystore package's contract (internal/keystore/keystore.go doc: "Callers MUST zeroise the returned plaintext DEK as soon as it is no longer needed") is not met by the CAManager consumer. Decrypted CA private keys persist in process heap until Go's GC scavenges the underlying slice — minutes to hours under load, indefinitely on idle servers.
Affected
All released versions up to v0.3.6.
Threat model
Memory-read access: core dump, ptrace, kernel swap to disk, container/VM snapshot, OOM-debug bundle, side-channel via shared cache lines. Not a remote-network vulnerability, but defeats the master-key + envelope-encryption design's promise of "private key never lingers".
Suggested fix
Add a Wipe() method on CAManager:
// internal/pki/ca.go
func (m *CAManager) Wipe() {
if m == nil {
return
}
keystore.Zeroize(m.caKey)
}
At each call site (enroll.go:116, updates.go:297, mobile_bundle.go:40, and any new caller), defer caMgr.Wipe() immediately after the Resolve() call. Pattern mirrors the existing defer keystore.Zeroize(dek) discipline in the keystore package.
Optional follow-up: wrap m.Sign() to zeroize after each call, removing the contract on callers — but the defer pattern is sufficient as a minimum.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐹Go | github.com/juev/nebula-mesh | all versions | 0.3.7go get github.com/juev/nebula-mesh@v0.3.7 |
| 🐹Go | github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh | all versions | 0.3.7go get github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh@v0.3.7 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/juev/nebula-mesh, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update github.com/juev/nebula-mesh to 0.3.7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-48025 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2026-48025 in your dependencies?
Find it across Go, including transitive dependencies.