CVE-2026-40980 — spring-ai-pdf-document-re…
MEDIUMCVE-2026-40980 is a medium-severity (CVSS 6.5) Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader. A fix is available for org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Spring AI Vulnerable to OOM by attacker-controlled PDF
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-40980.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
How urgent is this, really
CVE-2026-40980 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.
Where this sits among everything scored
Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.
Real-World Exposure
org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader☕org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-readerReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
In Spring AI, a malicious PDF file can be crafted that triggers the allocation of unreasonable amounts of memory when handled by ForkPDFLayoutTextStripper.
Affected versions: Spring AI: 1.0.0 - 1.0.5 (fixed in 1.0.6), 1.1.0 - 1.1.4 (fixed in 1.1.5)
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader | ≥ 1.0.0&&< 1.0.6 | 1.0.6org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader:1.0.6 |
| ☕Maven | org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader | ≥ 1.1.0&&< 1.1.5 | 1.1.5org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader:1.1.5 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-pdf-document-reader to 1.0.6 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-40980 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-40980 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2026-40980. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2026-40980 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2026-40980 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.