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CVE-2026-33169 activesupport

Fix: rails/rails@29154f1

CVE-2026-33169 is a Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in activesupport. A fix is available for activesupport — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Rails Active Support has a possible ReDoS vulnerability in number_to_delimited

Also known asGHSA-cg4j-q9v8-6v38
Published
Mar 23, 2026
Updated
Sep 9, 2026
Affected
3 pkgs
Patched
3 / 3
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 20, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-33169.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs42th percentile — riskier than 42% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Real-World Exposure

3 pkgs affected
💎activesupport💎activesupport💎activesupport

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. NumberToDelimitedConverter uses a lookahead-based regular expression with gsub! to insert thousands delimiters. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, the interaction between the repeated lookahead group and gsub! can produce quadratic time complexity on long digit strings. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Affected Packages

3 total 3 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
💎RubyGemsactivesupport8.1.0.beta1&&< 8.1.2.18.1.2.1bundle update activesupport --conservative
💎RubyGemsactivesupport8.0.0.beta1&&< 8.0.4.18.0.4.1bundle update activesupport --conservative
💎RubyGemsactivesupportall versions7.2.3.1bundle update activesupport --conservative

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for activesupport, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update activesupport to 8.1.2.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-33169 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-33169 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2026-33169. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. `NumberToDelimitedConverter` uses a lookahead-based regular expression with `gsub!` to insert thousands delimiters. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, the interaction between the repeated lookahead group and `gsub!` can produce quadratic time complexity on long digit strings. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2026-33169 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2026-33169 across RubyGems dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2026-33169: activesupport | O3 Security