CVE-2025-49581 — xwiki-platform-rendering-…
Fix: xwiki/xwiki-platform@c99d501CVE-2025-49581 is a Code Injection vulnerability in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store. A fix is available for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store — see the affected versions and patch details below.
XWiki allows remote code execution through default value of wiki macro wiki-type parameters
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-49581.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Real-World Exposure
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store☕org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-storeReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
XWiki is a generic wiki platform. Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store | ≥ 11.10.11 | No fix |
| ☕Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store | ≥ 12.6.3 | No fix |
| ☕Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store | ≥ 12.8-rc-1&&< 16.4.7 | 16.4.7org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store:16.4.7 |
| ☕Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store | ≥ 16.5.0-rc-1&&< 16.10.3 | 16.10.3org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store:16.10.3 |
| ☕Maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store | ≥ 17.0.0-rc-1&&< 17.0.0 | 17.0.0org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store:17.0.0 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
No patched version of org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store has shipped for CVE-2025-49581 yet. Where your build allows, override or pin the dependency away from the vulnerable range, and apply any maintainer-recommended mitigation.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2025-49581 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.
Tailored to CVE-2025-49581. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-49581 in your dependencies?
O3 Security finds CVE-2025-49581 across Maven dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.