CVE-2025-49146 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.2) Improper Authentication vulnerability in org.postgresql:postgresql. A fix is available for org.postgresql:postgresql — see the affected versions and patch details below.
pgjdbc Client Allows Fallback to Insecure Authentication Despite channelBinding=require Configuration
Exploitation Status
No confirmed exploitation observed yet
- CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
- CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.
Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2025-49146.
EPSS Exploitation Probability
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.
How urgent is this, really
Where this sits among everything scored
Real-World Exposure
org.postgresql:postgresqlReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Impact
When the PostgreSQL JDBC driver is configured with channel binding set to required (default value is prefer), the driver would incorrectly allow connections to proceed with authentication methods that do not support channel binding (such as password, MD5, GSS, or SSPI authentication). This could allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to intercept connections that users believed were protected by channel binding requirements.
Patches
TBD
Workarounds
Configure sslMode=verify-full to prevent MITM attacks.
References
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| ☕Maven | org.postgresql:postgresql | ≥ 42.7.4&&< 42.7.7 | 42.7.7org.postgresql:postgresql:42.7.7 |
Affected Products
postgresql jdbc driverpostgresqlDetection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.postgresql:postgresql, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.postgresql:postgresql to 42.7.7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2025-49146 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Put an independent control in front of the weakness: restrict the affected endpoint or interface to trusted networks, require an additional authentication factor or proxy-level check, and invalidate existing sessions and credentials in case the flaw has already been used.
Fixing This On Your OS
If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.Source: Red Hat security advisory for CVE-2025-49146 (CC BY 4.0)
| Product | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|
| Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 | cryostat/cryostat-agent-init-rhel9:0.5.1-2 | RHSA-2025:10323 |
| Red Hat AMQ Broker 7.12.5 | postgresql | RHSA-2025:16409 |
| Red Hat AMQ Broker 7.13.1 | postgresql | RHSA-2025:13274 |
| Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.10.3 for Spring Boot 3.4.7 | postgresql | RHSA-2025:9697 |
| Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.15.6 | quarkus-bom | RHSA-2025:13012 |
| Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.20.2.redhat | org.postgresql/postgresql:42.7.7.redhat-00001 | RHSA-2025:13010 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Is CVE-2025-49146 in your dependencies?
Find it across Maven, including transitive dependencies.