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MEDIUM severity

CVE-2023-48631 @adobe/css-tools

MEDIUMFix: adobe/css-tools#249

CVE-2023-48631 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in @adobe/css-tools. A fix is available for @adobe/css-tools — see the affected versions and patch details below.

@adobe/css-tools Improper Input Validation and Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Published
Nov 30, 2023
Updated
May 4, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Sep 20, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.1%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs64th percentile — riskier than 64% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2023-48631 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,238 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

66other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
@adobe/css-toolsnpm
41.0Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

@adobe/css-tools version 4.3.1 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in a denial of service while attempting to parse CSS.

Patches

The issue has been resolved in 4.3.2.

Workarounds

None

References

N/A

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npm@adobe/css-toolsall versions4.3.2npm install @adobe/css-tools@4.3.2

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for @adobe/css-tools, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update @adobe/css-tools to 4.3.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-48631 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2023-48631 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2023-48631. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Fixing This On Your OS

If you run this on a Linux distribution, patch through your package manager against the distro's own security advisory below — it tracks the exact backported fix for your release, which can ship on a different timeline (and sometimes a different severity) than the upstream project.

Red HatModerate

The Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability in css-tools, triggered by improper input validation when parsing CSS, is considered of moderate severity. While it can lead to a denial of service by causing the application to become unresponsive, the impact is limited to scenarios where an attacker can…

ProductFixed inAdvisory
Migration Toolkit for Runtimes 1 on RHEL 8mtr/mtr-operator-bundle:1.2-23RHSA-2024:3919
MTA-6.2-RHEL-9mta/mta-windup-addon-rhel9:6.2.3-2RHSA-2024:3989
MTA-7.0-RHEL-9mta/mta-cli-rhel9:7.0.3-16RHSA-2024:3316
RHDH-1.1-RHEL-9rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1.1-97RHEA-2024:1366
RHODF-4.15-RHEL-9odf4/odf-console-rhel9:v4.15.0-57RHSA-2024:1383

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact @adobe/css-tools version 4.3.1 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in a denial of service while attempting to parse CSS. ### Patches The issue has been resolved in 4.3.2. ### Workarounds None ### References N/A
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2023-48631 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2023-48631 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2023-48631: @adobe/css (Medium 5) | O3 Security