How severe is CVE-2023-45144?

CVE-2023-45144 has a CVSS score of 10/10, rated CRITICAL. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2023-45144?

CVE-2023-45144 affects the following packages: com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2023-45144?

Update com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui to 1.6 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-45144 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2023-45144 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2023-45144 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Is CVE-2023-45144 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2023-45144 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-45144?

CVE-2023-45144 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 1.2%, placing it in the 69th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-45144?

CVE-2023-45144 is classified as Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79), Code Injection (CWE-94). These weakness types describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation. This is a high-impact weakness class that often enables remote code execution or data exposure.

When was CVE-2023-45144 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2023-45144 was published on October 16, 2023 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

CRITICAL severity

CVE-2023-45144 — identity-oauth-ui

CRITICALFix: xwikisas/identity-oauth@d805d31

CVE-2023-45144 is a critical-severity (CVSS 10) Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui. A fix is available for com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Remote code execution from login screen through unescaped URL parameter in OAuth Identity XWiki App

Also known asGHSA-h2rm-29ch-wfmh

Published

Oct 16, 2023

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

1 pkg

Patched

1 / 1

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 7, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

Proof-of-concept exploit code exists

CISA’s SSVC triage found public proof-of-concept exploit code for this CVE, though no confirmed active exploitation.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-45144.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

1.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs69th percentile — riskier than 69% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

☕com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

When login via the OAuth method, the identityOAuth parameters, sent in a GET request is vulnerable to XSS and XWiki syntax injection. This allows remote code execution via the groovy macro and thus affects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.

The vulnerability is in this part of the code.

Patches

The issue has been fixed in Identity OAuth version 1.6 by https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/commit/d805d3154b17c6bf455ddf5deb0a3461a3833bc6 . The fix is in the content of the IdentityOAuth/LoginUIExtension file

Workarounds

There are no known workarounds besides upgrading.

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more?

Original report: https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20719

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui`	≥ 1.0&&< 1.6	1.6`com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui:1.6`

Affected Products

1 product · 1 configurations

Application

oauth identityxwiki

≥ 1.0 && < 1.6

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update com.xwiki.identity-oauth:identity-oauth-ui to 1.6 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-45144 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Stop passing untrusted input into the interpreter or shell: call the affected binary with an argument array rather than a composed command string, reject anything outside a strict allowlist of expected values, and run the component under an account that cannot reach beyond the work it legitimately does.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact When login via the OAuth method, the identityOAuth parameters, sent in a GET request is vulnerable to XSS and XWiki syntax injection. This allows remote code execution via the groovy macro and thus affects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation. The vulnerability is in [this part](https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/blob/master/ui/src/main/resources/IdentityOAuth/LoginUIExtension.vm#L58) of the code. ### Patches The issue has been fixed in Identity OAuth version 1.6 by https://github.com/xwikisas/identity-oauth/commit/d805d3154b17c