How severe is CVE-2023-33538?

CVE-2023-33538 has a CVSS score of 8.8/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2023-33538?

Affected package information for CVE-2023-33538 is not yet fully mapped. Check the official advisory links for details.

How do I fix CVE-2023-33538?

No fixed version has been published for CVE-2023-33538 yet. Monitor the advisory for updates, apply mitigations recommended by the vendor, and use O3 Security to track when a fix becomes available in your stack.

Is CVE-2023-33538 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. There are 1 known exploit references for CVE-2023-33538, including 1 in-the-wild exploitation observed on GitHub and other sources. Treat this as actively exploitable and prioritize patching immediately. All exploit code should only be run in an isolated sandbox environment for research or authorized testing — never against production systems without explicit written authorization.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-33538?

CVE-2023-33538 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 90.9%, placing it in the 100th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A score above 50% indicates significantly elevated exploitation risk — immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Is CVE-2023-33538 in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog?

Yes. CVE-2023-33538 (TP-Link Multiple Routers Command Injection Vulnerability) was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog on 2025-06-16. CISA required all US federal civilian agencies to remediate this vulnerability by 2025-07-07. The required action was: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Being listed in the KEV catalog is the strongest possible confirmation of active exploitation — treat this as a critical priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-33538?

CVE-2023-33538 is classified as CWE-77 (CWE-77). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

Which products and versions are affected by CVE-2023-33538?

CVE-2023-33538 affects tp-link tl-wr740n firmware; tp-link tl-wr841n firmware; tp-link tl-wr940n firmware. Check the affected-products list on this page against your deployed version to confirm exposure.

When was CVE-2023-33538 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2023-33538 was published on June 7, 2023 and was last updated on October 27, 2025. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

CISA KEV·Added 2025-06-16 — agencies required to remediate by 2025-07-07

CVE-2023-33538

HIGH

TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm .

Published

Jun 7, 2023

Updated

Oct 27, 2025

Affected

0 pkgs

Patched

None yet

Exploits

1 known

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

90.9%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Very High Risk100th percentile+0.34%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Description

TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm .

Affected Products

3 products · 3 configurations

tl-wr740n firmwaretp-link

all

tl-wr841n firmwaretp-link

all

tl-wr940n firmwaretp-link

all

Exploits & PoCs

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was disco…

github.comNVDJun 2023

Frequently Asked Questions

TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm .

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2023-33538 in your stack?

O3 detects CVE-2023-33538 across dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

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