How severe is CVE-2023-30601?

CVE-2023-30601 has a CVSS score of 7.8/10, rated HIGH. Immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Which packages are affected by CVE-2023-30601?

CVE-2023-30601 affects the following packages: org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all (Maven), org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all (Maven). Ecosystems affected: Maven.

How do I fix CVE-2023-30601?

Update org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all to 4.1.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-30601 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

How do I detect CVE-2023-30601 in my Maven dependencies?

Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

How do I mitigate CVE-2023-30601 if there is no patch (or I can't update yet)?

Close the privilege gap rather than the entry point: audit which accounts, roles and service identities can reach the affected operation, drop the component to the least privilege it actually needs, and review file and directory permissions created by earlier installs — a default left in place is what makes this reachable.

Is CVE-2023-30601 actively exploited in the wild?

No public exploit code has been indexed for CVE-2023-30601 yet. This does not mean the vulnerability cannot be exploited — absence of public exploits does not imply safety. Apply the recommended fix and use O3 Security to monitor your exposure.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-30601?

CVE-2023-30601 has an EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score of 0.3%, placing it in the 28th percentile of all CVEs. EPSS is maintained by FIRST.org and estimates the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. This score indicates relatively lower exploitation probability, though the CVSS severity should still guide your patching priority.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-30601?

CVE-2023-30601 is classified as Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269). This weakness type describe the underlying flaw category, which helps determine the potential impact and the right class of mitigation.

When was CVE-2023-30601 published, and has it been updated?

CVE-2023-30601 was published on May 30, 2023 and was last updated on October 28, 2026. Advisory data evolves as severity scores, affected ranges, and exploit intelligence are revised — always check the latest version of the advisory before acting.

☕

☕ Maven

Not in CISA KEV

HIGH severity

CVE-2023-30601 — cassandra-all

HIGHFix: apache/cassandra@22d74c7

CVE-2023-30601 is a high-severity (CVSS 7.8) Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all. A fix is available for org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Apache Cassandra: Privilege escalation when enabling FQL/Audit logs

Also known asBIT-cassandra-2023-30601GHSA-m9p2-j4hg-g373

Published

May 30, 2023

Updated

Oct 28, 2026

Affected

2 pkgs

Patched

2 / 2

Exploits

None indexed

Exploitation data as of Nov 3, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for CVE-2023-30601.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗

0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days

Lower Risk0.00%

Lower risk than most CVEs28th percentile — riskier than 28% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

☕org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all☕org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

WORKAROUND The vulnerability requires nodetool/JMX access to be exploitable, disable access for any non-trusted users.

MITIGATION Upgrade to 4.0.10 or 4.1.2 and leave the new FQL/Auditlog configuration property allow_nodetool_archive_command as false.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable range	Fix
☕Maven	`org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all`	≥ 4.1.0&&< 4.1.2	4.1.2`org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all:4.1.2`
☕Maven	`org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all`	≥ 4.0.0&&< 4.0.10	4.0.10`org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all:4.0.10`

Affected Products

1 product · 2 configurations

Application

cassandraapache

≥ 4.1.0 && < 4.1.2

range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

Detect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.
Fix
Update org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all to 4.1.2 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2023-30601 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
Close the privilege gap rather than the entry point: audit which accounts, roles and service identities can reach the affected operation, drop the component to the least privilege it actually needs, and review file and directory permissions created by earlier installs — a default left in place is what makes this reachable.

Frequently Asked Questions

Privilege escalation when enabling FQL/Audit logs allows user with JMX access to run arbitrary commands as the user running Apache Cassandra This issue affects Apache Cassandra: from 4.0.0 through 4.0.9, from 4.1.0 through 4.1.1. WORKAROUND The vulnerability requires nodetool/JMX access to be exploitable, disable access for any non-trusted users. MITIGATION Upgrade to 4.0.10 or 4.1.2 and leave the new FQL/Auditlog configuration property allow_nodetool_archive_command as false.

O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVSS Score

7.8/10CVSS v3 base

Vector breakdown

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE Classification

CWE-269Improper Privilege Management

Weaponization

No Nuclei template, Metasploit module or public proof-of-concept found.

Timeline

Disclosed

May 30, 2023

Last updated

Oct 28, 2026

Identifiers

CVE-2023-30601

GHSA-m9p2-j4hg-g373

BIT-cassandra-2023-30601

References

Advisorygithub.com · CVE 2023 30601.json Advisorylists.apache.org · f74p9jdhmmp7vtrqd8lgm8bq3dhxl8vn Advisorynvd.nist.gov · CVE 2023 30601 Webgithub.com · 22d74c711658507addfd67e2c78b04a9b88413b2 Webgithub.com · aafb4d19448f12ce600dc4e84a5b181308825b32 Webissues.apache.org · CASSANDRA 18550 Packagegithub.com · cassandra

Related vulnerabilities

This CVE is high severity; 4 of 8 other CVEs affecting cassandra-all are rated as high or higher (top: critical).

CVE-2026-27315CVE-2026-32588CVE-2026-27314CVE-2025-26467CVE-2025-24860CVE-2024-27137CVE-2025-23015CVE-2018-8016

Provenance

Sources

OSV.devNVDFIRST.org (EPSS)

Last verifiedOct 28, 2026

CVE-2023-30601 — cassandra-all

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

EPSS Exploitation Probability

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

Description

Affected Packages

Affected Products

Detection & mitigation playbook

Detect

Fix

Workarounds

Frequently Asked Questions

Is CVE-2023-30601 in your dependencies?