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MEDIUM severity

CVE-2021-37661 — tensorflow

MEDIUMFix: tensorflow/tensorflow@8a84f7a

CVE-2021-37661 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.5) CWE-681 vulnerability in tensorflow. A fix is available for tensorflow — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Crash caused by integer conversion to unsigned

Also known asBIT-tensorflow-2021-37661GHSA-gf88-j2mg-cc82PYSEC-2021-283PYSEC-2021-574PYSEC-2021-772
Published
Updated
Affected
9 pkgs
Patched
9 / 9
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Oct 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.2%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs4th percentile — riskier than 4% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.22%0.44%0.65%0.0%0.2%Apr 26Aug 26Oct 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2021-37661 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 385,987 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Real-World Exposure

9 pkgs affected
🐍tensorflow🐍tensorflow🐍tensorflow🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-cpu🐍tensorflow-gpu🐍tensorflow-gpu+1 more

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

An attacker can cause a denial of service in boosted_trees_create_quantile_stream_resource by using negative arguments:

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.ops import gen_boosted_trees_ops
import numpy as np

v= tf.Variable([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
gen_boosted_trees_ops.boosted_trees_create_quantile_stream_resource(
  quantile_stream_resource_handle = v.handle,
  epsilon = [74.82224],
  num_streams = [-49], 
  max_elements = np.int32(586))

The implementation does not validate that num_streams only contains non-negative numbers. In turn, this results in using this value to allocate memory:

class BoostedTreesQuantileStreamResource : public ResourceBase {
 public:
  BoostedTreesQuantileStreamResource(const float epsilon,
                                     const int64 max_elements,
                                     const int64 num_streams)
      : are_buckets_ready_(false),
        epsilon_(epsilon),
        num_streams_(num_streams),
        max_elements_(max_elements) {
    streams_.reserve(num_streams_);
    ...
  }
}

However, reserve receives an unsigned integer so there is an implicit conversion from a negative value to a large positive unsigned. This results in a crash from the standard library.

Patches

We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 8a84f7a2b5a2b27ecf88d25bad9ac777cd2f7992.

The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.6.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.5.1, TensorFlow 2.4.3, and TensorFlow 2.3.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

For more information

Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.

Attribution

This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.

Affected Packages

9 total 9 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐍PyPItensorflowall versions2.3.4pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow==2.3.4'
🐍PyPItensorflow≥ 2.4.0&&< 2.4.32.4.3pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow==2.4.3'
🐍PyPItensorflow≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.5.12.5.1pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow==2.5.1'
🐍PyPItensorflow-cpuall versions2.3.4pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow-cpu==2.3.4'
🐍PyPItensorflow-cpu≥ 2.4.0&&< 2.4.32.4.3pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow-cpu==2.4.3'
🐍PyPItensorflow-cpu≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.5.12.5.1pip install --upgrade 'tensorflow-cpu==2.5.1'

Affected Products

1 product · 6 configurations
Application
tensorflowgoogle
≥ 2.4.0 && < 2.4.3
2 versions
2.5.02.6.0

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for tensorflow, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update tensorflow to 2.3.4 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2021-37661 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    Cap what an attacker can consume: apply request size, rate and timeout limits in front of the affected component, and run it with memory and CPU limits so exhaustion degrades one worker rather than the whole service.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact An attacker can cause a denial of service in `boosted_trees_create_quantile_stream_resource` by using negative arguments: ```python import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow.python.ops import gen_boosted_trees_ops import numpy as np v= tf.Variable([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]) gen_boosted_trees_ops.boosted_trees_create_quantile_stream_resource( quantile_stream_resource_handle = v.handle, epsilon = [74.82224], num_streams = [-49], max_elements = np.int32(586)) ``` The [implementation](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/84d053187cb80d975ef2b9684d4b61981bca0c41/tensor
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2021-37661 in your dependencies?

Find it across PyPI, including transitive dependencies.

CVE-2021-37661: tensorflow DoS — Fixed in 2.3.4