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HIGH severity

CVE-2021-36162 — dubbo

HIGH

CVE-2021-36162 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.8) remote code execution vulnerability in org.apache.dubbo:dubbo. A fix is available for org.apache.dubbo:dubbo — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Remote Code Execution in Apache Dubbo

Also known asGHSA-r577-4hq7-73qh
Published
Updated
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Oct 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
2.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs82th percentile — riskier than 82% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.51%1.26%2.01%2.76%1.0%2.3%Apr 26Aug 26Oct 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2021-36162 by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). Outside the shaded patch-first corner.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 385,386 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Counts from FIRST.org, log-scaled.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected
☕org.apache.dubbo:dubbo☕org.apache.dubbo:dubbo

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Apache Dubbo supports various rules to support configuration override or traffic routing (called routing in Dubbo). These rules are loaded into the configuration center (eg: Zookeeper, Nacos, ...) and retrieved by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these YAML rules, Dubbo customers will use SnakeYAML library to load the rules which by default will enable calling arbitrary constructors. An attacker with access to the configuration center he will be able to poison the rule so when retrieved by the consumers, it will get RCE on all of them. This was fixed in Dubbo 2.7.13, 3.0.2

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavenorg.apache.dubbo:dubboall versions2.7.13org.apache.dubbo:dubbo:2.7.13
☕Mavenorg.apache.dubbo:dubbo≥ 3.0.0&&< 3.0.23.0.2org.apache.dubbo:dubbo:3.0.2

Affected Products

1 product · 2 configurations
Application
dubboapache
≥ 3.0.0 && ≤ 3.0.1
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for org.apache.dubbo:dubbo, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update org.apache.dubbo:dubbo to 2.7.13 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2021-36162 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Frequently Asked Questions

Apache Dubbo supports various rules to support configuration override or traffic routing (called routing in Dubbo). These rules are loaded into the configuration center (eg: Zookeeper, Nacos, ...) and retrieved by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these YAML rules, Dubbo customers will use SnakeYAML library to load the rules which by default will enable calling arbitrary constructors. An attacker with access to the configuration center he will be able to poison the rule so when retrieved by the consumers, it will get RCE on all of them. This
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2021-36162: dubbo RCE — Fixed in 2.7.13