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CRITICAL severity

CVE-2021-30181 — dubbo

CRITICAL

CVE-2021-30181 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.8) remote code execution vulnerability in com.alibaba:dubbo. EPSS puts its 30-day exploitation probability at 60.9% (99th percentile). A fix is available for com.alibaba:dubbo — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Code injection in Apache Dubbo

Also known asGHSA-qmfc-6www-fjqw
Published
Updated
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Nov 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
60.9%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
High Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs99th percentile — riskier than 99% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%26.2%52.5%78.7%3.9%60.9%May 26Sep 26Nov 26

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, from FIRST.org EPSS.

How urgent is this, really

Where this sits among everything scored

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected
☕com.alibaba:dubbo☕org.apache.dubbo:dubbo

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Maven packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Apache Dubbo prior to 2.6.9 and 2.7.9 supports Script routing which will enable a customer to route the request to the right server. These rules are used by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these rules, Dubbo customers use ScriptEngine and run the rule provided by the script which by default may enable executing arbitrary code.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
☕Mavencom.alibaba:dubbo≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.6.92.6.9com.alibaba:dubbo:2.6.9
☕Mavenorg.apache.dubbo:dubbo≥ 2.5.0&&< 2.7.102.7.10org.apache.dubbo:dubbo:2.7.10

Affected Products

1 product · 2 configurations
Application
dubboapache
≥ 2.7.0 && < 2.7.10
range

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency

  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for com.alibaba:dubbo, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update com.alibaba:dubbo to 2.6.9 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2021-30181 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

Frequently Asked Questions

Apache Dubbo prior to 2.6.9 and 2.7.9 supports Script routing which will enable a customer to route the request to the right server. These rules are used by the customers when making a request in order to find the right endpoint. When parsing these rules, Dubbo customers use ScriptEngine and run the rule provided by the script which by default may enable executing arbitrary code.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

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CVE-2021-30181: dubbo RCE — Fixed in 2.6.9