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📦 npm
Not in CISA KEV
CRITICAL severity

CVE-2021-28918

CRITICAL

CVE-2021-28918 is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.1) CWE-704 vulnerability in netmask. 2 public exploit references exist, so weaponization risk is real. O3 Security confirms whether CVE-2021-28918 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Improper parsing of octal bytes in netmask

Also known asGHSA-4c7m-wxvm-r7gc
Published
Apr 1, 2021
Updated
Jul 9, 2026
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
2 known
Exploitation data as of Jul 9, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected
📦netmask

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects npm packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Improper input validation of octal strings in netmask npm package v1.0.6 and below allows unauthenticated remote attackers to perform indeterminate SSRF, RFI, and LFI attacks on many of the dependent packages. A remote unauthenticated attacker can bypass packages relying on netmask to filter IPs and reach critical VPN or LAN hosts.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmnetmaskall versions1.1.0
Exploits & PoCs
2

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for netmask. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update netmask to 1.1.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2021-28918 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether CVE-2021-28918 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to CVE-2021-28918. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Improper input validation of octal strings in netmask npm package v1.0.6 and below allows unauthenticated remote attackers to perform indeterminate SSRF, RFI, and LFI attacks on many of the dependent packages. A remote unauthenticated attacker can bypass packages relying on netmask to filter IPs and reach critical VPN or LAN hosts.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2021-28918 in your dependencies?

O3 detects CVE-2021-28918 across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

CVE-2021-28918: Improper parsing of octal… | O3 Security