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Not in CISA KEV
MEDIUM severity

CVE-2018-3770 markdown-pdf

MEDIUM

CVE-2018-3770 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.5) Path Traversal vulnerability in markdown-pdf. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for markdown-pdf — see the affected versions and patch details below.

Remote Code Execution in markdown-pdf

Published
Jul 27, 2018
Updated
Nov 8, 2023
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 19, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.5%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs42th percentile — riskier than 42% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

CVE-2018-3770 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

58other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
markdown-pdfnpm
5Kdownloads / week

Description

Versions of markdown-pdf prior to 9.0.0 are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution. The package fails to sanitize HTML code in markdown files. If markdown files with malicious HTML are converted to PDF, the resulting PDF file will execute any JavaScript code in the original markdown file. This may allow attackers to execute Remote Code.

Recommendation

Upgrade to version 9.0.0 or later.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmmarkdown-pdfall versions9.0.0npm install markdown-pdf@9.0.0
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for markdown-pdf, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update markdown-pdf to 9.0.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms CVE-2018-3770 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like CVE-2018-3770 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to CVE-2018-3770. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Versions of `markdown-pdf` prior to 9.0.0 are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution. The package fails to sanitize HTML code in markdown files. If markdown files with malicious HTML are converted to PDF, the resulting PDF file will execute any JavaScript code in the original markdown file. This may allow attackers to execute Remote Code. ## Recommendation Upgrade to version 9.0.0 or later.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is CVE-2018-3770 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds CVE-2018-3770 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

CVE-2018-3770: markdown-pdf (Medium 5.5) | O3 Security