Your RSA-2048 keys break in 2030. Find every one of them before attackers do.
📦 npm

GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg

CRITICAL

GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg is a critical-severity (CVSS 9.8) vulnerability in protobufjs. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Arbitrary code execution in protobufjs

Also known asCVE-2026-41242
Published
Apr 16, 2026
Updated
May 5, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed

Blast Radius

2 pkgs affected
📦protobufjs📦protobufjs

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects npm packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

protobufjs could execute generated JavaScript code derived from protobuf schema metadata. When loading a crafted JSON descriptor, schema-controlled type names and type references could reach runtime code generation without sufficient validation.

Impact

An attacker who can provide a malicious protobuf definition or JSON descriptor to an application may be able to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the process using protobufjs.

This requires control over the protobuf schema or descriptor being loaded. Applications that only decode messages using trusted, application-defined schemas are not directly affected by this issue.

Preconditions

  • The application must allow an attacker to control or influence a protobuf definition or JSON descriptor.
  • The application must load that definition through protobufjs reflection APIs such as descriptor loading.
  • The affected generated-code path must be reached, for example by performing an operation on the loaded type.

Workarounds

Do not load protobuf definitions or JSON descriptors from untrusted sources with affected versions. If untrusted schemas must be accepted, validate or restrict them before loading and run schema processing in an isolated environment.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmprotobufjs8.0.0&&< 8.0.18.0.1
📦npmprotobufjsall versions7.5.5

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for protobufjs. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update protobufjs to 8.0.1 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Summary protobufjs could execute generated JavaScript code derived from protobuf schema metadata. When loading a crafted JSON descriptor, schema-controlled type names and type references could reach runtime code generation without sufficient validation. ## Impact An attacker who can provide a malicious protobuf definition or JSON descriptor to an application may be able to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the process using protobufjs. This requires control over the protobuf schema or descriptor being loaded. Applications that only decode messages using trusted, application
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-xq3m-2v4x-88gg across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.