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MEDIUM severity

GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm

MEDIUM

GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm is a medium-severity (CVSS 6.8) CWE-444 vulnerability in puma. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

HTTP Smuggling via Transfer-Encoding Header in Puma

Also known asCVE-2020-11077
Published
May 22, 2020
Updated
Mar 13, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Mar 13, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected
💎puma💎puma

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects RubyGems packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Impact

This is a similar but different vulnerability to the one patched in 3.12.5 and 4.3.4.

A client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client.

If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a different client, the second response from the first client will be sent to the second client.

Patches

The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.6 and Puma 4.3.5.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
💎RubyGemspumaall versions3.12.6
💎RubyGemspuma4.0.0&&< 4.3.54.3.5

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for puma. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update puma to 3.12.6 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Impact This is a similar but different vulnerability to the one patched in 3.12.5 and 4.3.4. A client could smuggle a request through a proxy, causing the proxy to send a response back to another unknown client. If the proxy uses persistent connections and the client adds another request in via HTTP pipelining, the proxy may mistake it as the first request's body. Puma, however, would see it as two requests, and when processing the second request, send back a response that the proxy does not expect. If the proxy has reused the persistent connection to Puma to send another request for a
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-w64w-qqph-5gxm across RubyGems dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.