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MEDIUM severity

GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 node-fetch

MEDIUMFix: node-fetch/node-fetch#1611

GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 is a medium-severity (CVSS 5.9) CWE-1333 vulnerability in node-fetch. 1 public exploit reference exists, so weaponization risk is real. A fix is available for node-fetch — see the affected versions and patch details below.

node-fetch Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Also known asCVE-2022-2596
Published
Aug 2, 2022
Updated
Nov 8, 2023
Affected
1 pkg
Patched
1 / 1
Exploits
1 known
Exploitation data as of Sep 19, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
1.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs69th percentile — riskier than 69% of all scored CVEsHighest risk

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

How urgent is this, really

GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 plotted by exploitation likelihood (EPSS) against impact (CVSS). The shaded corner — EPSS 50%+ and CVSS 7.0+ — is where this CVE doesn't sit, though severity or exploitability alone can still warrant action.

Where this sits among everything scored

Of 377,166 CVEs with a current EPSS score, this one falls in the < 10% band (highlighted). Real counts from FIRST.org, not a sample — log-scaled since the landscape is heavily right-skewed.

Real-World Exposure

1 pkg affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

45Kother npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
node-fetchnpm
140.2Mdownloads / week

Description

node-fetch is a light-weight module that brings window.fetch to node.js.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) in the isOriginPotentiallyTrustworthy() function in referrer.js, when processing a URL string with alternating letters and periods, such as 'http://' + 'a.a.'.repeat(i) + 'a'.

Affected Packages

1 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmnode-fetch3.0.0&&< 3.2.103.2.10npm install node-fetch@3.2.10
Exploits & PoCs
1

Research use only. For defensive security, authorized penetration testing, and academic research only. Never execute exploit code against systems without explicit written authorization.

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for node-fetch, including transitive dependencies — a direct dependency you never call can still pull in a vulnerable version.

  2. Fix

    Update node-fetch to 3.2.10 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 Security's impact-aware SCA analyses which vulnerable code paths your application actually calls, so a match like GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 can be triaged on real exposure rather than presence alone.

Tailored to GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

[node-fetch](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node-fetch) is a light-weight module that brings window.fetch to node.js. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) in the `isOriginPotentiallyTrustworthy()` function in `referrer.js`, when processing a URL string with alternating letters and periods, such as `'http://' + 'a.a.'.repeat(i) + 'a'`.
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 in your dependencies?

O3 Security finds GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827 across npm dependencies, including transitive ones, and its impact-aware SCA ranks findings by whether your code actually calls the vulnerable path.

GHSA-vp56-6g26-6827: DoS (Medium 5.9) | O3 Security