GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x
MEDIUMGradio has an Open Redirect in its OAuth Flow
EPSS Exploitation Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.
Blast Radius
gradioReal-time download stats are indexed for npm and PyPI packages. This vulnerability affects PyPI packages — download data is not available via public APIs for these ecosystems.
Description
Summary
The _redirect_to_target() function in Gradio's OAuth flow accepts an unvalidated _target_url query parameter, allowing redirection to arbitrary external URLs. This affects the /logout and /login/callback endpoints on Gradio apps with OAuth enabled (i.e. apps running on Hugging Face Spaces with gr.LoginButton).
Details
def _redirect_to_target(request, default_target="/"):
target = request.query_params.get("_target_url", default_target)
return RedirectResponse(target) # No validation
An attacker can craft a URL like https://my-space.hf.space/logout?_target_url=https://evil.com/phishing that redirects the user to an external site after logout. Because the URL originates from a trusted hf.space domain, users are more likely to trust the link.
Impact
Phishing — an attacker can use the trusted domain to redirect users to a malicious site. No direct data exposure or server-side impact.
Fix
The _target_url parameter is now sanitized to only use the path, query, and fragment, stripping any scheme or host.
Affected Packages
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🐍PyPI | gradio | all versions | 6.6.0 |
Detection & mitigation playbook
Open-source dependencyDetect
Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for gradio. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.
Fix
Update gradio to 6.6.0 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x is resolved across your whole dependency graph.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.
How O3 protects you
O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.
Tailored to GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x in your dependencies?
O3 detects GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995x across PyPI dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.