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GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47

Fix: nuxt/nuxt@07e39cd

GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 is a CWE-178 vulnerability in nuxt. O3 Security confirms whether GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 is actually reachable in your code before you act, and blocks exploitation at runtime until you patch.

Nuxt: Route-rule middleware bypass via case-sensitivity mismatch between vue-router and the routeRules matcher

Also known asCVE-2026-53721
Published
Jun 16, 2026
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
Affected
2 pkgs
Patched
2 / 2
Exploits
None indexed
Exploitation data as of Aug 10, 2026 · OSV.dev, NVD, FIRST.org (EPSS)

Exploitation Status

No confirmed exploitation observed yet

  • CISA assesses this as automatable — exploitation doesn’t require manual, per-target effort, which raises the odds of mass scanning and opportunistic attacks.
  • A successful exploit gives an attacker total control of the affected component, not partial access.
  • CISA’s own triage has not observed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code for this CVE as of its last assessment.

Exploitation and automatability from CISA’s SSVC triage for GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47.

EPSS Exploitation Probability

via FIRST.org ↗
0.3%probability of exploitation in next 30 days
Lower Risk0.00%
Lower risk than most CVEs22th percentile — riskier than 22% of all scored CVEsHighest risk
0.00%0.26%0.53%0.79%0.3%0.3%0.3%Jul 26Aug 26Aug 26

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) is a daily probability model maintained by FIRST.org. It estimates the likelihood a CVE will be exploited in production environments within the next 30 days, derived from real-world threat intelligence signals.

Real-World Exposure

2 pkgs affected

How broadly this vulnerability is actually deployed: weekly install volume shows current usage, and reverse-dependency count shows how many other packages break if it stays unpatched.

770other npm packages depend on this — each one inherits the vulnerability until it's patched upstream
nuxtnpm
2.0Mdownloads / week

Description

Impact

Nuxt looks up routeRules for the current navigation by calling getRouteRules({ path: to.path }) from the page-router plugin and the no-pages router plugin. The compiled routeRules matcher (built on rou3) performs case-sensitive matching, while vue-router is configured with its default sensitive: false and matches paths case-insensitively.

The two routers therefore disagree on which rules apply to a given request path: vue-router still matches the page record for /Admin/dashboard, but the routeRules lookup for the same path returns no match. Any appMiddleware declared via routeRules is never added to the middleware set and never runs, on both SSR and client navigations. The same path skips other path-keyed route rules in the same way (ssr, redirect, appLayout, and the prerender / payload hints used client-side).

For applications using routeRules with appMiddleware as an authorization gate (a documented pattern), an attacker can flip the case of any static segment in a protected URL (for example /Admin/dashboard instead of /admin/dashboard) to render the protected page with the middleware skipped. The server returns the fully server-rendered page including any useFetch / useAsyncData results captured during SSR.

This is an instance of CWE-178 (Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity) leading to CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization) for apps that treat appMiddleware as an authorization boundary.

Mitigating factors

  • Only affects apps that use routeRules.appMiddleware. The more idiomatic definePageMeta({ middleware }) is bound to the matched route record and is unaffected.
  • Nuxt route middleware is documented as an app-layer concern, not a server-side auth boundary; well-built apps enforce authorization again at the API / data-fetching layer.
  • Apps that explicitly set router.options.sensitive = true are not affected.

Patches

Fixed in [email protected] (commit 07e39cd6) and backported to [email protected] (commit 3f3e3fa7). The fix normalizes the path used for routeRules lookups so it matches vue-router's default case-insensitive semantics.

Workarounds

Until you can upgrade, you can mitigate by either:

  1. Setting router.options.sensitive = true so vue-router matches case-sensitively (this changes route-matching behaviour app-wide).
  2. Moving security-critical middleware off routeRules.appMiddleware and onto definePageMeta({ middleware: [...] }) on the protected page components, which is bound to the matched record.
  3. Enforcing authorization at the API / data-fetching layer (which you should be doing in any case).

Credit

Reported by Anthropic / Claude through Anthropic's coordinated vulnerability disclosure process. Reference: ANT-2026-9FSEBYMC.

Affected Packages

2 total 2 fixed
EcosystemPackageVulnerable rangeFix
📦npmnuxt4.0.0&&< 4.4.74.4.7
📦npmnuxt3.11.0&&< 3.21.73.21.7

Detection & mitigation playbook

Open-source dependency
  1. Detect

    Scan your dependency tree (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, requirements.txt, go.sum, etc.) for nuxt. O3's reachability analysis confirms whether the vulnerable code path is actually invoked in your application, so you act on real exposure instead of every transitive match.

  2. Fix

    Update nuxt to 4.4.7 or later, then make sure no transitive (indirect) dependency still pins the vulnerable range — O3 confirms GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 is resolved across your whole dependency graph.

  3. Workarounds

    If you can't upgrade right away: gate or disable the affected feature, validate untrusted input at the boundary, and avoid passing attacker-controlled data into the vulnerable path. O3's runtime protection blocks exploitation in production as an interim safeguard until the upgrade lands.

  4. How O3 protects you

    O3 pinpoints whether GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 is reachable in your code and exactly where to fix it, then blocks exploitation in production at runtime until the patched version is deployed.

Tailored to GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47. Runtime protection reduces exposure until a permanent patch is applied and verified — it complements patching, it doesn't replace it.

Frequently Asked Questions

## Impact Nuxt looks up `routeRules` for the current navigation by calling `getRouteRules({ path: to.path })` from the page-router plugin and the no-pages router plugin. The compiled `routeRules` matcher (built on `rou3`) performs case-sensitive matching, while vue-router is configured with its default `sensitive: false` and matches paths case-insensitively. The two routers therefore disagree on which rules apply to a given request path: vue-router still matches the page record for `/Admin/dashboard`, but the `routeRules` lookup for the same path returns no match. Any `appMiddleware` declare
O3 Security · Impact-Aware SCA

Is GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 in your dependencies?

O3 detects GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47 across npm dependencies and uses function-level reachability to confirm whether the vulnerable code path is actually reachable — not just present. No false positives.

GHSA-mm7m-92g8-7m47: nuxt | O3 Security